Year: 2016
Type: preprint
Abstract: The adult mammalian brain is a dynamic structure, capable of remodeling in response to various physiological and pathological stimuli.One dramatic example of brain plasticity is the birth and subsequent integration of newborn neurons into the existing circuitry.This process, termed adult neurogenesis, recapitulates neural developmental events in two specialized adult brain regions: the lateral ventricles of the forebrain.Recent studies have begun to delineate how the existing neuronal circuits influence the dynamic process of adult neurogenesis, from activation of quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) to the integration and survival of newborn neurons.Here, we review recent progress toward understanding the circuitbased regulation of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb.N eurogenesis occurs throughout life in dis- crete regions of the mammalian brain and substantial evidence supports critical roles of adult-born neurons for specific brain functions, such as learning, memory, and olfactory processing (Kempermann and Gage 1999;Temple and Alvarez-Buylla 1999;Lledo et al. 2006;Zhao et al. 2008;Sahay et al. 2011).Under normal physiological conditions, significant levels of adult neurogenesis are limited to two brain re-gions in mammals: the olfactory bulb (OB), in which newborn neurons migrate from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, and the dentate granule cell (GC) layer of the hippocampus, in which newborn neurons are generated locally within the subgranular zone (SGZ) (Ninkovic and Gotz 2007;Duan et al. 2008).Significant progress has been made in understanding major steps underlying adult neurogenesis (Kempermann et al. 2004;
Language: English
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: American Heart Association, Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation, Johns Hopkins University, Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund, Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: Mapping Global Brain Connectivity Mediated by DISC1 Gene in Adult-born Neurons, Impact of Bisphenol A on neural stem cells and development in the adult brain, Development of new neurons in the adult brain, Neurobiology of MeCP2 in adult neurogenesis, Calcium signaling in neuronal navigation, G532196934, Local circuitry mechanisms regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis, G60760647, Elucidating the signal transduction pathways regulating CCK-mediated adult hippocampal neurogenesis, Predoctoral Training in Pharmacological Sciences, Circuitry mechanisms regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis, G8734015584, G9000320123
OpenAlex ID: W4297993848