The indirect effects of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on alcohol problems in adulthood through unique facets of impulsivity
Year: 2016
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Research has not studied unique impulsivity dimensions as prospective links between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and alcohol problems. We examined the association between childhood ADHD, five facets of impulsivity and alcohol problems in adulthood and the indirect effects of childhood ADHD-to-impulsivity-to-alcohol problems. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants were from a longitudinal study (n = 289, meanage = 28.67) of individuals with (n = 170) and without (n = 119) childhood ADHD. The ADHD sample, as part of an ADHD summer treatment program, was diagnosed initially in childhood (1987-96, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) via structured parent interview and standardized parent/teacher ratings. The ADHD sample and demographically similar individuals without ADHD (living in the greater Pittsburgh area) were recruited to participate in the Pittsburgh ADHD Longitudinal Study (PALS) between 1999 and 2003. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported impulsivity (UPPS-P) and alcohol-related problems were assessed in adulthood (2011-14). FINDINGS: Adults with, compared with those without, childhood ADHD had more alcohol problems (β = 0.34, P < 0.05) and higher levels of negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of perseverance and lack of planning (βs = 0.24-0.31, Ps < 0.001). Impulsivity facets (except sensation-seeking) were related to number of alcohol problems (βs = 0.34-0.61, Ps < 0.05). Negative (β = 0.26, P < 0.01) and positive (β = 0.27, P < 0.01) urgency mediated the association between childhood ADHD and number of adult alcohol problems. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of emotional impulsivity (negative/positive urgency) may place children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder at increased risk for alcohol problems in adulthood.
Source: Addiction
DOI: 10.1111/add.13398
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Inhibitory control and clinical response in ADHD, ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER, ADHD Treatment:Comparative and Combined Dosage Effects, Development of Alcohol Use and Abuse in ADHD Adolescents, MULTIMODAL TREATMENT STUDY OF CHILDREN WITH ADHD, Positive Illusions in ADHD: Processes and Consequences, Disinhibition and Acute Response to Alcohol in European and African Americans, G3908971937, Follow-Up of the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD, G4619169203, Home Base Treatment for Drug Use in Early Adolescents, G5488912447, Child & Adolescent Risk Factors for Young Adult Alcohol Problems, Validity of DSM-IV Subtypes of ADHD for Young Children, G6412069482, G6513741013, Development of Drug Use and Abuse in ADHD Adolescents, The Development of Alcohol Use and Abuse in ADHD Adolescents and Young Adults, The Pittsburgh ADHD Longitudinal Study: Predicting alcohol misuse, problems, and disorder in mid-adulthood, Behavior Modification and Young ADHD Children, CLONIDINE IN ADHD, Developmental Alcohol Research Training Grant, 2/4-Stimulant and Risperidone for Youth with Severe Physical Aggression
OpenAlex ID: W2409180639