The male to female ratio at birth in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland: influence of societal stress.
Year: 2015
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Male live births occur slightly in excess of female births. The ratio of male divided by total births is referred to as M/F. Many factors reduce M/F including toxins, stress, and privation, with excess male foetal loss. "The Troubles" (1969-1998) of Northern Ireland (NI) and the economic downturn of Republic of Ireland (ROI) from 2007 posed stresses with corresponding controls. This study analysed M/F in NI and ROI. METHODS: Annual male and female live births in NI and the ROI were compared using chi tests. RESULTS: M/F was significantly higher in NI than in ROI. M/F in NI dropped after 1974. M/F rose in ROI up to 1994, then fell. DISCUSSION: Violence-related stress may have been the cause for the M/F drop in NI. Economic improvement followed by recession may have caused parallel M/F changes in ROI. These findings agree with the stress hypothesis of M/F.
Source: PubMed Central
Author: Victor Grech
Institution: Mater Dei Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Gender Studies
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2409557804