Year: 2016
Type: article
Abstract: Shizofrenija je kronična psihijatrijska bolest koju, osim pozitivne i negativne simptomatike, karakterizira deficitarno kognitivno funkcioniranje.U ovom preglednom radu opisali smo opće intelektualne, kao i specifične kognitivne sposobnosti tipično narušene kod pacijenata sa shizofrenijom.Pokušali smo odgovoriti na pitanja vezana uz njihovu učestalost, dijagnostičku specifičnost, odnos s ostalim simptomima bolesti, longitudinalni tijek i neuroanatomsku podlogu.Navedene kliničke implikacije ovih istraživanja odnose se na upotrebu standardne neuropsihologijske dijagnostike te provođenje nefarmakoloških oblika tretmana, poput kognitivne remedijacije i kognitivne rehabilitacije.Podrobnije je opisan relativno noviji oblik terapije -tzv.metakognitivni trening (MKT) za shizofreniju -pri čemu provedene empirijske studije ukazuju na obećavajuću tretmansku učinkovitost.Općenito govoreći, relevantnost istraživanja kognitivnih deficita leži u u potencijalnim mogućnostima predviđanja razvoja budućih psihotičnih poremećaja kod pojedinih osoba, kao i u prognoziranju funkcionalnih ishoda kod već oboljelih./ Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disease characterized by deficient cognitive functioning, along with positive and negative symptomatology.In this review we describe the general intellectual as well as the specific cognitive abilities typically impaired in patients with schizophrenia.We also tried to answer questions regarding prevalence, diagnostic specificity, relations to other disease symptoms, longitudinal course, and neuroanatomical underpinnings.The clinical implications of these questions are related to the use of standard neuropsychological diagnostics and nonpharmacological treatment options, such as cognitive remediation and cognitive rehabilitation.We provided a more detailed description of a recently devised therapeutic modality ∑ metacognitive training (MCT) for schizophrenia ∑ with empirical studies suggesting promising treatment efficacy.In general, the relevance of research into cognitive deficits lies in the potential ability to predict future psychotic disorders among certain individuals, as well as in anticipating functional outcomes among those already suffering from this illness.
Authors: Leonida Akrap, Nenad Jakšić
Institution: University Hospital Centre Zagreb
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2410829371