Work

Cigarette Smoking Among Urban American Indian Adults — Hennepin and Ramsey Counties, Minnesota, 2011

Year: 2016

Type: article

Abstract: In 2013, it was estimated that the prevalence of cigarette smoking among American Indians was 36.5%, the highest of all racial/ethnic groups in the continental United States (1).Among American Indians, considerable cultural and geographic variation in cigarette smoking exists.Smoking prevalence among American Indians is lowest in the Southwest and highest in the Upper Midwest/Northern Plains (2).Little information is available about tobacco use among urban American Indians, who might not have ever lived on a reservation or be enrolled in or affiliated with a tribe.In Minnesota, a significant proportion of American Indians reside in urban areas.Among Minnesota's residents who identify as American Indian alone or in combination with another race, 30% live in Hennepin County and Ramsey County, which encompass Minneapolis and St. Paul, respectively (collectively known as the Twin Cities).The predominant tribes (Ojibwe [Chippewa] and Dakota/Lakota/Nakota [Sioux]) traditionally have used locally grown tobacco (Nicotiana rustica), red willow, and other plants for religious ceremonies, although nonceremonial tobacco is often substituted for traditional plants.To assess prevalence of cigarette smoking among this population, it is important to distinguish ceremonial tobacco use (smoked or used in other ways) from nonceremonial tobacco use.To obtain estimates of cigarette smoking prevalence among American Indians in Hennepin and Ramsey counties, the American Indian Adult Tobacco Survey was administered to 964 American Indian residents in 2011, using respondent-driven sampling.Among all participants, 59% were current smokers, 19% were former smokers, and 22% had never smoked.Approximately 40% of employed participants reported that someone smoked in their workplace area during the preceding week.High prevalences of cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke exposure among urban American Indians in Minnesota underscores the need for a comprehensive and culturally appropriate approach to reducing nonceremonial tobacco use.Because no lists of eligible respondents existed, the study sample was generated using respondent-driven sampling (3).Using this sampling scheme, identified respondents referred persons they knew, who in turn referred persons they knew.A mathematical model weighted the sample to compensate for the fact that it was collected in a nonrandom way.Each participant, beginning with the initial five respondents (called seeds) chosen by investigators, was given three coupons with unique identification numbers to give to other eligible participants.This process continued through 12 rounds of recruitment to produce a sufficient sample for * RDS = respondent-driven sampling.RDS Analysis Tool v5.6 user manual (http://www.respondentdrivensampling.org/reports/RDSAT_56_Manual.pdf).

Source: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6521a2