Dyslexia and language impairment associated genetic markers influence cortical thickness and white matter in typically developing children
Year: 2015
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Dyslexia and language impairment (LI) are complex traits with substantial genetic components. We recently completed an association scan of the DYX2 locus, where we observed associations of markers in DCDC2, KIAA0319, ACOT13, and FAM65B with reading-, language-, and IQ-related traits. Additionally, the effects of reading-associated DYX3 markers were recently characterized using structural neuroimaging techniques. Here, we assessed the neuroimaging implications of associated DYX2 and DYX3 markers, using cortical volume, cortical thickness, and fractional anisotropy. To accomplish this, we examined eight DYX2 and three DYX3 markers in 332 subjects in the Pediatrics Imaging Neurocognition Genetics study. Imaging-genetic associations were examined by multiple linear regression, testing for influence of genotype on neuroimaging. Markers in DYX2 genes KIAA0319 and FAM65B were associated with cortical thickness in the left orbitofrontal region and global fractional anisotropy, respectively. KIAA0319 and ACOT13 were suggestively associated with overall fractional anisotropy and left pars opercularis cortical thickness, respectively. DYX3 markers showed suggestive associations with cortical thickness and volume measures in temporal regions. Notably, we did not replicate association of DYX3 markers with hippocampal measures. In summary, we performed a neuroimaging follow-up of reading-, language-, and IQ-associated DYX2 and DYX3 markers. DYX2 associations with cortical thickness may reflect variations in their role in neuronal migration. Furthermore, our findings complement gene expression and imaging studies implicating DYX3 markers in temporal regions. These studies offer insight into where and how DYX2 and DYX3 risk variants may influence neuroimaging traits. Future studies should further connect the pathways to risk variants associated with neuroimaging/neurocognitive outcomes.
Source: Brain Imaging and Behavior
Authors: on behalf of the Pediatric Imaging Neurocognition Genetics study, John D. Eicher, Angela M. Montgomery, Natacha Akshoomoff, David G. Amaral, Cinnamon S. Bloss, Ondrej Libiger, Nicholas J. Schork, Burcu F. Darst, B. J. Casey, Linda Chang, Thomas Ernst, Jean Frazier, Walter E. Kaufmann, Brian Keating, Tal Kenet, David Kennedy, Stewart Mostofsky, Sarah S. Murray, Elizabeth R. Sowell, Hauke Bartsch, Joshua M. Kuperman, Timothy T. Brown, Donald J. Hagler, Anders M. Dale, Terry L. Jernigan, Jeffrey R. Gruen
Institutions: Yale University, University of California San Diego, Scripps Research Institute, University of California, Davis, Scripps Health, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, University of Hawaii System, Weill Cornell Medicine, Queen's Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
Language: English
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,790
Funders: Manton Foundation, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1348614824, G1366967421, G1562953498, G2312013361, G2456394151, G2582025022, G2922423489, G3482984170, G4038956369, G5827989630, Research in Perinatal Medicine, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Pleiotropic Roles of Dyslexia Genes in Neurodevelopmental Language Impairments, G9000038131, G9000070489, G9000185276, G9000309970
OpenAlex ID: W247387576