Year: 2015
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Hydrogen is being widely promoted as the future primary energy carrier to replace \ncurrent hydrocarbon fuels. Governments and industries are investing in research and \ndevelopment programs to develop hydrogen production, transport and storage \ntechnologies. In addition, hydrogen gas is currently used in chemical processing and \naerospace applications. Hydrogen gas is combustible with a wide flammability range of \nabout 4 to 75 percent, a low ignition energy, and a low gas density. With the expanding \napplication of hydrogen gas coupled with its highly combustible nature, focus must be \nplaced on safety. Detection and monitoring technologies are needed which can provide \nlow limits of detection, high sensitivity, a wide detection range, fast response times and \nease of implementation to ensure public safety. Hydrogen sensors are of increasing \nimportance in connection with the development and expanded use of hydrogen gas as an \nenergy carrier and as a chemical reactant. Also they are essential to facilitate the detection \nof accidental hydrogen releases wherever hydrogen will be produced, distributed, stored, \nand used. \nThis thesis highlights the importance of hydrogen sensing regarding the safety and \nreliability. The first chapter describes and classifies the different types of hydrogen \nsensors and the technology behind them. Characteristic performance parameters of these \nsensor types, such as measuring range, sensitivity, selectivity and response time are \nreviewed. \nIn the second chapter the methods of the tests performed on the commercially available \nhydrogen sensors are described. Parameters such us detection limits and response times \nare measured and the advantages and disadvantages of those sensors are written down. \nIn the third chapter new hydrogen detecting technologies will be mentioned either \navailable in the market or under development and afterwards we will refer to the \nimprovements of knowledge on hydrogen safety, according to the standards and \nguidelines of the International Energy Agency's Hydrogen Implementing Agreement. \nRegulations will be also mentioned. \nThe fourth chapter describes the framework of the Hydrogen Safety Engineering \n(H2SE) profession which is defined as an application of scientific and engineering \nprinciples to the protection of life, property and environment from adverse effects of \nincidents/accidents involving hydrogen. Finally a reliable and comprehensive safety risk \nanalysis model has been developed. \nIn the fifth chapter of this thesis there is a summary with the conclusions deducted of \nthis work.
Source: Dione (University of Piraeus)
Author: Φίλιππος Σολδάτος
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2553224267