Molecular insights into prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation of fibrillar collagens in health and disease
Year: 2016
Type: review
Abstract: Collagen is a macromolecule that has versatile roles in physiology, ranging from structural support to mediating cell signaling. Formation of mature collagen fibrils out of procollagen α-chains requires a variety of enzymes and chaperones in a complex process spanning both intracellular and extracellular post-translational modifications. These processes include modifications of amino acids, folding of procollagen α-chains into a triple-helical configuration and subsequent stabilization, facilitation of transportation out of the cell, cleavage of propeptides, aggregation, cross-link formation, and finally the formation of mature fibrils. Disruption of any of the proteins involved in these biosynthesis steps potentially result in a variety of connective tissue diseases because of a destabilized extracellular matrix. In this review, we give a revised overview of the enzymes and chaperones currently known to be relevant to the conversion of lysine and proline into hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, respectively, and the O-glycosylation of hydroxylysine and give insights into the consequences when these steps are disrupted.
Authors: Rutger A. F. Gjaltema, Ruud A. Bank
Institutions: University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen
Language: English
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W2561313757