Year: 2017
Type: article
Abstract: We propose a new order parameter of a ${Z}_{N}$ symmetry in SU(N) gauge theories in four dimensional Minkowski space-time, assuming spatial periodic boundary conditions. It is given by $\mathrm{Tr}(P\mathrm{exp}(i{\ensuremath{\int}}_{c}{A}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}d{x}^{\ensuremath{\mu}}))$, where the spatial path $c$ is taken, for example, along the ${x}_{1}$ axis. The parameter vanishes when the ${Z}_{N}$ symmetry is preserved. We calculate the contribution of QCD monopoles to the order parameter and show that when the monopoles condense $⟨\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}⟩\ensuremath{\ne}0$, it vanishes, while it does not vanish when they do not condense. These calculations are performed using a monopole field $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}$ canonically quantized in a model of dual superconductor.
Author: Aiichi Iwazaki
Institution: Nishogakusha University
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: Chiba University
OpenAlex ID: W2582966396