Physical Performance during the Menstrual Cycle of Female Athletes Who Specialize in 800 M and 1500 M Running
Year: 2016
Type: article
Abstract: IntroductionThe evaluation of the physical performance is of great importance for solving the training process tasks (B. Bergier, A. Tsos, J. Bergier, 2014). Most researchers believe that physical performance is an integral indicator of the organism functioning, which depends on the morphological and functional parameters of the main life support systems and, first of all, on the state of the cardiorespiratory system (L.P. Matveev, 2010, A. Tsos, L. Sushchenko, N. Bielikova, S. Indyka, 2016).According to the leading experts on the theory and methodology of sports training, it is always necessary to apply functional control over the degree of athletes' organism adaptation to the means and methods of their training process in order to enhance athletic performance and maintain the health of athletes (V.M. Platonov, 2004).The activity of the functional systems and adaptive processes in the women's organism differ from those in men. It is due to the one of the main biological peculiarities of the women's organism, which is related to the reproductive function, - the cycle of functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-adrenal system (A. J. Anderson (2008), M. Burrows (2005)). A number of studies (A. R. Radzievskiy, L.G. Shakhlina, Z. R. Yatsenko, T. P. Stepanova, 1990) have been devoted to the influence of sex hormones in the system of the women sports training. The scientists have determined the dependence of the performance manifestation of the female athletes of different sports specializations and the reaction of their organism according to the change of sex hormones concentration during the MC (O. Roda (2014), S. V. Kalitka, L.G. Shakhlina (2002)).Modern training of the track female athletes who specialize in the 800m and 1500m running is characterized by a significant increase in the intensity of the load because of the growing rivalry during the competition (V. M. Platonov, 2004, S. V. Kalitka, 2002). The problem of improving training efficiency in female athletes who specialize in middle distance running according to the functional state during different phases of the MC has not been studied enough. At present there arises the necessity of planning the training process for female athletes with a more detailed study of the mechanisms of their organism's adaptation to large amounts of special loads.The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the physical performance and functional capacity of the women who specialize in the 800m and 1500m running during the MC.Materials and methodsReviewing scientific and methodical literature on athletic training, special attention has been paid to the studies of anatomical and physiological characteristics of the women's organism and the special working capacity dynamics during the different phases of the menstrual cycle of the female athletes of different specializations.13 women (3 - candidates for master of sports (CMS), 5 - category I athletes, 5 - category II athletes), aged 17 to 24 years, who specialize in middle distance running, agreed to participate in a study. All the female athletes didn't take any birth control pills and had normal menstrual function. The study was conducted during each phase of the MC. The menstrual cycle (MC) is a complex physiological process of functions changes of a woman's reproductive system manifested by regular uterine bleeding (menses) (ed. by G. M. Saveleva, V. G. Breusenko (2007)). The main regulatory role of MC belongs to the cerebral cortex, pituitary, hypothalamus and other structures of the central nervous system. The onset of ovulation, adequacy of the luteal phase was determined by recording female athletes' basal body temperature (a test based on the hyperthermal influence of progesterone on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center) measured daily by each female athlete with the same thermometer, the analysis of saliva crystallization (the fern phenomenon) based on the principle of changes of the physical properties of saliva depending on the estrogen and salts contents in it, connected with the presence of sex hormones in females (V. …
Language: English
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W2592468399