Habitat suitability information: Walleye
Year: 1984
Type: article
Abstract: FISH & WILDLIFE\nREFERENCE LIBRARY\nFWS/OBS-82/10.56\nAPRIL 1984\nHABITAT SUITABILITY INFORMAT ION:\nWALLEYE\nFish and Wildlife Service\nU.S. Department of the Interior\n\nV;Si/OBS- 0. 56\nApr 1 1 19134\nHABITAF SUITABILITY INFORVA @ T ON: WAL @-YE\nby\nFliumas E. McMathur\nlan's W@ lerrel I\nIlabil,at @-vahjat, on Procodures "'rOLIP\na @I cl\nPaLricK C. @cdsnn\nln,;tream [ low and Aquatic Systems Gvoup\nWe,stern Energy and Land UsL Teani\nU.S. I ish and Wi clife ServicP\nDrake Creekside Buildim One\n2627 Redwing Road\n[ort Col lins, @@D 80526-2899\nWesLern Fnergy and I and U,,P leam\nBivision of Biulwjical Services\nResearch and Development,\nFish and Wildlite Service\nU.S. Deoartment of the Int.crior\nWas,hington, OC 20) p@ 4 0\n4\n4\nI his re Po rt shou Id be c i ted as:\nMcMahen\n,\nI\n.\nE\n. , J .\nW- I errel 1\n, and P\n.\nC\n.\nNel son . 1984 .\nHalbi tat sui tabi I i ty\ni r1format i an : Wal I eye .\nU\n.\nS\n-\nFi sit W 1 1 dl . Serv . FWS/OBS-82/10.56. 43 pp.\n4\n---\nPRFFACL\nThe H a b it at Sui tab i 1 i ty In c ex (HS I) mOde I s oresented in th is pulul icati on\na Id i II identi fvi nG impori, a nt hai)i tat. v A r-a h! F,@r t i rin,@\nob ta i n e d I rom t I) o res P. a re h I i t o r a t II r e a n 0. e x 1) e - t re v I ew s a re Sy 11 1,\ni\nI e @\ni z (' d a n d\npresented in a format that can he used for inioact assessment. lhe tindels area\nhypotheses Of SieCi-s-habilat relationship@, arid Model users ShuLild recognize\nthat the degruE, of vpraciLv of the HS1 niodel, S'. graphic,, an(! as@umptions wil I\nvary accordi ng to yeograpini ca I area and the extent of the (I a ta base for\nindividual variables. After clear study objectives have been se L\n, the HST\nmodel bui dim.I techniques prem.,nted in U.S. Fish arid Wi Idlife Service (1981)'\narid the general quidel ines for modifying HSI models arid extirpating model\nvariables presented in I\ni, rre II e L a I\n@\n( 1982) ' III dY be use f Li\nI f or, s i m p I i fyi ng\nand applying the models to specif ic impact assessment problems. Simpl ificd\nmod e I s should be tested with i ncependent data sets, I f possi bl e . Stati sti cal ly-der i ved model s that are an a] ternat i ve to us I nq Suitability\nIndices to calculate an HS1 are referenced in the text.\nA brief discussion of the appropriateness of using selected Suitability\nIndex (SI) curves f rom H S I mode I s a s a Component u If t h C, I n s t r ei III 1-1 ow\nIncremental Methodology (IFIM) is provided. Additional SI curves, developed\nspecifically for analysis of walleye habitatwith IFIM, also are presented,\nResults of a model performance test in a limited geographical area are\nsummarized, but madel reliability is likely to vary in different geographical\nareas and situations. 11he U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service encourages model\nusers to prov idp comrmnts , suggestions, an(] test results that may help us\nincrease the utility an(] effectiveness of this habi tat- based approach Lo\nimpact assessairrit. Please send comments to:\nhabitat Evaluation Procedures Group or Instream Flow and\nAquatic Systems Group\nWestern Fner@jy arid Land Use Team\nU.S, Fish and Wildlife Service\n2627 Redwing Road\nlort Collins, CO 80526-2899\n'U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1981\n. Standards for the development of\nhabitat su I tabi I i ty I ndex mode I s\n.\n103 FSM. U\n.\nS\n@ Fish Wild]. Serv . ,\n[)I v\n. Ecol. Serv. n\n.\np\n.\n' Ferre I I\n, J .\nW.\n,\nT\n.\nE\n.\nMcMahon\n,\n11\n@\n1). I n s k I p\n,\nR\n.\nF\n. Ral ei gh\n, and K. L.\nWilliamson. 1982 . Habitat suitability index models: Appendix A. Guidelines\nfor riverine and lacustrine applications of fish HSI models with the Habitat\nEvaluation Procedures. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.A. 54 pp.\nCCN I LN i S\nPa Ej e\nPRI-TACL\n...... i1i\nFI(IURES\n........... ........................ ................. ..... vi\nACK' NOW L F DGM E N -F S\n. . . . . v i i\nHABITAT USE INI-GIRMAlION\nGeneral ...................... .. ................. . Age, Growth,......a.r.d. food..........\nReprodUCtion ..................................... .......\nSpecific Habit.a.t.....R...equiruriL..t.i.t.s............... ....... ..............\nHABIFAF SUDABILITY T NDEX (HST) MOIDEL.S....................................\nModel Applicability .................................\nModel Description ....... ................... ................... .......................... ......................\n6\nModel Description - Riverine ..... ................................\n6\nModel Description - Lacustrine .................................. 10\nHSI Calculation\n......................................... 12\nSuitability Index (SI) Graphs for Model Variables ...... ....\n12\nRiverine Model\n__ ....................... 18\nLacustrine Model\n............................................ 24\nApplication of Lacustrine Model\n................................... 25\ninterpreting Model Outputs\n........................................ 2@\nADI)TTIONAL HABITAT MODFIS\n_ ............... ................. ..........\n27\nModel I\n................................................ ......\n27\nModel 2\n.... ................ ................ ........ 27\nMe(](-] 3\n................. _ ......... ........ ................\n28\nModel 4\n- ....................... .................. __ ..........\n28\nINSIRFAY FLOW INCREMENIAL MFHODOLOGY (IFIM)\n............ ............. ?8\nSuitabilfty Index Graphs as Used in I\n'\nFIM\n... .................. 28\nAvailability of Graphs for Use in IfIm\n........... ...... ........ 3(\nRFFI:RFNCFS\n....................................... .............. 3/\nI GU RES\nF i-@J\nLi r e La -a e\nI ree d a g r a ii i i u s t r a t n cc r o I a t 1 o n s i -p s b e I w e P n m o d e 1\nvariables, model components, and HSI for the walleye\nin riverine environments ............. ........\n7\n2 Tree diagram illustrating relati6nships between model\nvariables, model compurients, and HSI for walleye in\nlacustrine Environments . ..................... .............\n11\n3 SI curves for adult walleye habitat ................ .......\n32\n4 SI curves for, juvenile walleye habitat ....... .............\n33\n5 Category two SI curves for walleye fry habitat .............\n34\n6 SI curves for walleye spawning habitat ... ...... --- .....\n36\nvi\nACKNOWI F)( I Ml NIS\nWe w' so to acknow Iedge the, to I! ow j ng revi ewers who pr@)vidpcl many time Ipfu I\ncommcnt, and ucgu@tiors: 13. Griswold, Glrca,4 La!'@-,s National Fi,llho-fi,s Re@each\nCenter; J. F. Kitchell, J. Lyons, and B\n, John son , Conter '- or Limnology,\nUniversil-y of W4SCO11sin, Madison; W. 1. Momot, )epar4rnert of Biology, I-Aphead\nUniversity, Ontario; J. Ney, Virginia I'clytechnic lnstitute a n d S' ate\nUniversity, 131 acksburg ,\nVI r9i n\n@ a ; P. D. Irs0p, Harvard Oniversity, Boston,\nMassachusetts ; a n d B. NPI son a n (I @). kondorf , Seatt I a National F i sher i es\nResearch Center. W. R. Persons ,\nW. G. Workman , and R. V. Bul k' ey , Rall Stal e\nUniversity, I ocan, Utah developed a 1,\n' rel 'minary draft and Bibliography that\nprovided usefu raw ma te r i a I C\n. Short provided editorial assistance. Wnrd\nprocessing was by C. J. Gul zuw and D. F. I harra .\nK. Twomey assisted in\nfinalizing the manuscript. lhp. cover illustration is from Freshwater, Fishes\nof Canada 1973, Bulletin 184, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, by W. B.\nScott and E. J. Crossmar.\nV i\nWA L A-YE SI I 7ostedi on Vi Irs@jm v\ni troum)\nHABI-FAl USE iNFORMAI]ON\ncenoral\nInc walleye is native to fre@hwaer rivers arid lakes of Canada and the\nunitL@d States, W@tlh rare occur-ences in brackish water, (Sco4L and Crossman\n'973). In Ihe United Stllates, its nallive rango occurs pr@marily in ch-a4nagos\neast ol I the Rocky Mountains and weSt of the Appalachians; however, it has been\nwidely introduced i n tn roservoir@s outside i Ls naLi ve range ( (,(I 1 by e-1 a]\n19 79 Wa I I eye. hybridize with saugpr (S. canadcrise) arid blue pike (S. V.\nglaucum) (Scott and Crossman 1973).\nAge, Grow+h-,--and Food\nWalleye live at least 17 years in cool northern wators (Momot pers.\nc Or " ); age VIII or, yourger fish were prectomirant in TLnnessee impoundments\n(Hackney and Holbrook 1978). Males mature at age 11 to TV and females at age\nIII to VIII (Scott and Crussman '973; Colby et al. 1979). Growth of walleye\ncleponds primarily on food supply (Swenson and Smith 19/6) , temperature (Koenst\nand Smith 19@6; Hokanson 197 7 )\n, arid POD LI\nI at i on den s I ty ( corn Id II cler, a A d Pay II L,\n1977; Kermpinger and Car I i ne 197-/ )\n@ In genera I I ength of sexua I Ty mature\nwill I eye ( age. I I I ) i S > 30 cm ( Co Iby e-@ a I\n. '19/9) ,\nWa 1 1 oye try ea I zooplankton and aquat ic Insects arid start feeding on fish\n7 6 at I\n@\n5 to 2\n.\n5 cm r I ength ( Forney 19C6\n,\nBU I kl eY PL a] .\n19 File dia of\njuvenile and adult walleye consists primarily of fish, bit. aqLIat1C invertebrates,\nparticularly imayfly larvae Vince crayfish, may be locally or seasonally\nimportant ( Pri eye I 1 963 ; Wagrer 199-12 ; Johnson and Ila] e 1191/ In northern\nareas, age 0- and I 1 yel low perch often aCCOUrit for a large portion Of the\nLI I et in clas'sic art-le, Shallow perch-walleye lakes (Forney 19// ' Kelso air(]\nWa rd 19/7)@ In the outhern par'I, S o 0 I the wa I 1 eye range ,\nc,\nI\n-AP' I (IS and\nce.ntra, rch i cis, of ten a re mos L I important (Mi I I ur 196/ ; Morrint O. t a I\n.\n197 / ; Fi t1z\nand Hollb-ook 1978). Cann i ha I i sin may become @\ni co i f I cant when other, Prey are\nscarce (Cheval ier 1973; Forney 1974).\nReproduct i or.\n]no. water @empera-,,ure regi . me and the quality arid quantity of suitable\nsubstrate are riajor factors affecting walleye repy,nductive success (Scott and\nCrossman 1973; Colby et al . 1979). Walleye spawn in spring during periods of\na P lid wa r-n @ r Y soon al ter ice breakup (Colby et al . 1979). Spawning is Usually\ninitiated at water, temperatures of 7 to 9' C, with r
Author: Western Energy
Language: English
Subfield: Nature and Landscape Conservation
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2596991317