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Illicit Drugs, Metabolites and Adulterants in Wastewater: Monitoring Community Drug Abuse in the Brazilian Federal District during the 2014 Soccer World Cup

Year: 2017

Type: article

Abstract: A multiresidue method was developed to estimate community drug use during two weekends of the 2014 Soccer World Cup via wastewater analyses.Five of the 16 investigated substances were detected in all eight samples.Benzoilecgonine (BE), the major cocaine metabolite, was the most abundant substance (1.9 ± 0.3 to 4.2 ± 0.2 μg L -1 ) followed by anhydroecgonine (AE) (1.5 ± 0.2 to 2.6 ± 0.2 μg L -1 ), phenacetin (PHE) (0.62 ± 0.06 to 1.3 ± 0.1 μg L -1 ), levamisole (LEV) (0.5 ± 0.2 to 1.23 ± 0.09 μg L -1 ), and cocaine (COC) (0.46 ± 0.07 to 0.8 ± 0.1 μg L -1 ).COC and BE levels suggested a human consumption origin for the investigated drugs.AE/BE ratios revealed a significant use of smoked crack/free base cocaine.Relationships between the adulterants PHE and LEV evidenced a higher use of crack cocaine in the South-Wing WWTP region.An estimative for cocaine use revealed slightly higher drug consumption during the Soccer World Cup weekends in comparison with a typical weekend in 2012.

Source: Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

DOI: 10.21577/0103-5053.20170063

Authors: Fernando Sodré, Gustavo Souza, Rafael Feitosa, Carlos Pereira, Adriano Maldaner

Institutions: Universidade de Brasília, Governo do Distrito Federal, Federal Police of Brazil

Language: English

Topic: Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis

Subfield: Toxicology

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $275