Leukocyte Cell‐Derived Chemotaxin‐2: It's Role in Pathophysiology and Future in Clinical Medicine
Year: 2017
Type: article
Abstract: INTRODUCTIONLeukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2) is a highly conserved protein with roles in cell development, sepsis, liver disease, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, cancer, and amyloidosis, among others.We will review its genetics, structure, role in physiology, and its future as a biomarker and therapeutic target across many diseases.Studies involving LECT2 were identified using PubMed and compiled into a single review paper.Research on LECT2 suggests a future as a biomarker of disease and potential therapeutic target. BACKGROUNDThe discovery of leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2) was the result of a drive to find novel biomarkers of inflammatory diseases.1 It was first isolated in humans by Yamagoe et al. 1 from phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T-cell leukemia SKW-3 cells and identified as a chemotaxin of neutrophils.Chemotaxins are substances released by cells that stimulate the movement of white blood cells and LECT2 derived its name from this in vitro chemotactic ability at its initial discovery.1 However, it is now known to have several other functions in the human body and it is no longer limited to chemotaxis.There has been a rapid expansion of knowledge regarding its function with major developments in liver regeneration, 2-8 immune modulation, 1,9-15 bone growth, 9,[16][17][18][19][20] neuronal development, 21 glucose metabolism and metabolic syndrome, 10,22-27 cancer, 9,28-33 and amyloidosis, [34][35][36][37][38][39] among others.It is often found secreted in the bloodstream and expression of this protein has been identified in liver cells, neurons, various epithelial cells, parathyroid cells, and white blood cells, although it is felt to be most often secreted by the liver. 40However, despite the multifunctional role of LECT2 in several different organ systems, there has yet to be a comprehensive review that summarizes all of the current knowledge and information.We will attempt to synthesize current reported literature on this increasingly important protein and explore its potential future in modern clinical medicine in relation to disease pathophysiology (Table 1) 6,13,17,18,22,28,29,33,41,42 and as a biomarker (Table 2).2,3,6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][22][23][24][28][29][30][31][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]
DOI: 10.1111/cts.12469
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,630
OpenAlex ID: W2610218880