Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Kawasaki Disease With Special Reference to Cardiac Involvement
Year: 2016
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND \nKawasaki disease (KD) is an acute medium vessel vasculitis with multisystem involvement especially in young children of \nunknown etiology and present as acute febrile illness. It is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children across the \nglobe. \n \nOBJECTIVES \nWe aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and cardiac involvement of KD in children \nresiding in Tripura, a North Eastern State of India. \n \nMATERIALS AND METHODS \nIn this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of all children with KD who had been admitted in Pediatric ward of \nTripura Medical College & DR BRAM Teaching Hospital, Agartala from March 2007 to February 2015. Data regarding clinical, \nepidemiological characteristics, Cardiac involvement, laboratory parameter, management, and the outcome of disease for each \npatient were obtained. The patients were divided into cardiac and non-cardiac groups based on echocardiographic results. \n \nRESULTS \nIn total, 30 patients with KD (18boys and 12 girls) were enrolled in this study. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The median \nage at diagnosis was 15 months, and the diagnosis was made after a mean of 8.1 days of fever. A seasonal peak during the \nwinter-spring months was observed. 23 (76.6%) had classical presentation of KD. Fever, polymorphs, skin rash, conjunctivitis, \nchanges in the oropharynx were the most common manifestations. Cardiac involvement was detected in 7(23.3%)%, with \ncoronary artery abnormalities (CAA) and 26(86.5%) patient showed ECG abnormality. Patients were treated with \nimmunoglobulin and aspirin. The CAA regressed in all patients but one persisted even after 12 months. \n \nCONCLUSION \nKawasaki disease is not rare in Tripura. The age, gender distribution and clinical findings are similar to that of other reports. \nPatients with cardiac abnormalities had delayed treatment and prolonged hospital stays
Authors: Jayanta Kumar Poddar, Soma Saha, Jayanta Debnath
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W2610260180