Short Bouts Of Resistance Training Reduces Lipid Metabolism Disparities In T2d Offspring In 6 Weeks
Year: 2017
Type: article
Abstract: Having a family history of diabetes (FH+) increases type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, and is associated with metabolic flexibility, and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying these differences remain elusive. Exercise has a protective effect on metabolic health and mitochondrial function, and we have shown resistance training (RT) can improve fasting glucose in FH+ and those with no family history of T2D (FH-) similarly. However, little is known about the impact of RT on lipid metabolism in the FH+ population. PURPOSE: To evaluate markers of lipid metabolism in FH+ and FH- before and after 6 weeks of RT. METHODS: 10 healthy FH- and 13 healthy FH+ age and gender matched men and women participated in 6 weeks of RT, ~10 min/session, 5 days/week, including full-body, plyometric and core exercises on alternate days. Fasting plasma samples were collected prior to, and after 6 weeks of RT for triglycerides (TG), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and acylcarnitine (AC) determination, followed by an oral glucose challenge (OGC, 50g glucose). RESULTS: No baseline differences in strength, fasting glucose, OGC area under the curve (AUC), body weight, or circulating TG and insulin were noted between groups. Though, FH+ displayed lower circulating NEFA (276 ± 37 vs 412 ± 44 mM for FH+/-, p<0.04), and had lower medium chain (C8-1, C10:1, C14-2, C14-1; p<0.04) and higher long-chain AC (C16:2, C18-2, C18-1 (μM, p<0.05) compared to FH- prior to RT. NEFA and fasting glucose declined (32.1 and 6.8% respectively) overall with RT (p<0.05) with no difference in changes between groups (p=0.33 and 0.55 respectively). Though AC did not change differently between groups with RT, only C18-1 remained different between FH+ and FH- post-RT. Changes in AC were positively correlated with change in NEFA in FH+ (C8:1-OH/C9, C3-DC/C8-OH, C10-OH/C5-DC, C12/C6:1-DC, C12:1-OH, C14-2, C14-1, C18:2-OH; r>0.6, p<0.04), but not in FH-. CONCLUSIONS: Healthy young FH+ display a fasting AC profile different than FH-, suggesting alterations in fat metabolism that may contribute to increased T2D risk. These disparities in AC profiles were diminished after RT, suggesting that 6 weeks of short RT bouts normalizes lipid metabolism in FH+. RT may protect against impaired lipid metabolism in FH+, thereby protecting against T2D.
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2618248591