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Peptidylarginine Deiminases—Roles in Cancer and Neurodegeneration and Possible Avenues for Therapeutic Intervention via Modulation of Exosome and Microvesicle (EMV) Release?

Year: 2017
Type: review
Abstract: Exosomes and microvesicles (EMVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed structures released from cells and participate in cell-to-cell communication via transport of biological molecules. EMVs play important roles in various pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration. The regulation of EMV biogenesis is thus of great importance and novel ways for manipulating their release from cells have recently been highlighted. One of the pathways involved in EMV shedding is driven by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) mediated post-translational protein deimination, which is calcium-dependent and affects cytoskeletal rearrangement amongst other things. Increased PAD expression is observed in various cancers and neurodegeneration and may contribute to increased EMV shedding and disease progression. Here, we review the roles of PADs and EMVs in cancer and neurodegeneration.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061196
Authors: Sigrun Lange, Mark Gallagher, Sharad Kholia, Uchini Kosgodage, Mariya Hristova, John Hardy, Jameel Inal
Institutions: UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, University of Westminster, London Metropolitan University, University of Turin, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
Language: English
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,499
OpenAlex ID: W2621053270
FWCI: 0.793
Cites: 211
Cited by: 61
Related to: 10