Year: 2017
Type: review
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This review summarizes a portion of the discussions of an NIH Workshop (Bethesda, MD, 2015) titled "Self-Regulation of Appetite-It's Complicated," which focused on the biological aspects of appetite regulation. METHODS: This review summarizes the key biological inputs of appetite regulation and their implications for body weight regulation. RESULTS: These discussions offer an update of the long-held, rigid perspective of an "adipocentric" biological control, taking a broader view that also includes important inputs from the digestive tract, from lean mass, and from the chemical sensory systems underlying taste and smell. It is only beginning to be understood how these biological systems are integrated and how this integrated input influences appetite and food eating behaviors. The relevance of these biological inputs was discussed primarily in the context of obesity and the problem of weight regain, touching on topics related to the biological predisposition for obesity and the impact that obesity treatments (dieting, exercise, bariatric surgery, etc.) might have on appetite and weight loss maintenance. Finally considered is a common theme that pervaded the workshop discussions, which was individual variability. CONCLUSIONS: It is this individual variability in the predisposition for obesity and in the biological response to weight loss that makes the biological component of appetite regulation so complicated. When this individual biological variability is placed in the context of the diverse environmental and behavioral pressures that also influence food eating behaviors, it is easy to appreciate the daunting complexities that arise with the self-regulation of appetite.
Source: Obesity
DOI: 10.1002/oby.21771
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, General Mills, Almond Board of California, Orexigen Therapeutics, National Institute for Health and Care Research, Rosetrees Trust, Novo Nordisk, National Institutes of Health, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: Impact of diet composition during infancy on energy balance, satiety and growth, Postnatal Actions of Maternal Obesity on Neonatal Metabolic Health, Drivers of eating behaviour during chronic overconsumption: Role of food hedonics (liking & wanting) and peptide biomarkers on satiation and satiety., A Narrowed Window for Targeting Metabolic Flexibility in Breast Cancer Prevention, G5984774233, Maximising the health benefits gained from bariatric surgery, G6344513648, Bioenergetic and Metabolic Consequences of the Loss of Gonadal Function, G9000030515, G9000302903, Colorado Nutrition Obesity Research Center
OpenAlex ID: W2625007078