Editing the Genome Without Double-Stranded DNA Breaks
Year: 2017
Type: review
Abstract: Genome editing methods have commonly relied on the initial introduction of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs), resulting in stochastic insertions, deletions, and translocations at the target genomic locus. To achieve gene correction, these methods typically require the introduction of exogenous DNA repair templates and low-efficiency homologous recombination processes. In this review, we describe alternative, mechanistically motivated strategies to perform chemistry on the genome of unmodified cells without introducing DSBs. One such strategy, base editing, uses chemical and biological insights to directly and permanently convert one target base pair to another. Despite its recent introduction, base editing has already enabled a number of new capabilities and applications in the genome editing community. We summarize these advances here and discuss the new possibilities that this method has unveiled, concluding with a brief analysis of future prospects for genome and transcriptome editing without double-stranded DNA cleavage.
Source: ACS Chemical Biology
Authors: Alexis C. Komor, Ahmed H. Badran, David R. Liu
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Continuous Evolution of Proteins with Novel Therapeutic Potential, G7699325053, Integrating Chemistry and Evolution to Illuminate Biology and Enable Novel Therapeutics, Center for Genomic Editing and Recording: Development and Application of Next-Generation Genome and Epigenome Editing Methods to Advance the Study and Treatment of Human Disease
OpenAlex ID: W2757875892