Distinct Cellular Basis for Early Cardiac Arrhythmias, the Cardinal Manifestation of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy, and the Skin Phenotype of Cardiocutaneous Syndromes
Year: 2017
Type: article
Abstract: Rationale: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is caused primarily by mutations in genes encoding desmosome proteins. Ventricular arrhythmias are the cardinal and typically early manifestations, whereas myocardial fibroadiposis is the pathological hallmark. Homozygous DSP (desmoplakin) and JUP (junction protein plakoglobin) mutations are responsible for a subset of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy who exhibit cardiac arrhythmias and dysfunction, palmoplanter keratosis, and hair abnormalities (cardiocutaneous syndromes). Objective: To determine phenotypic consequences of deletion of Dsp in a subset of cells common to the heart and skin. Methods and Results: Expression of CSPG4 (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4) was detected in epidermal keratinocytes and the cardiac conduction system. CSPG4 pos cells constituted ≈5.6±3.3% of the nonmyocyte cells in the mouse heart. Inducible postnatal deletion of Dsp under the transcriptional control of the Cspg4 locus led to ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular conduction defects, and death by 4 months of age. Cardiac arrhythmias occurred early and in the absence of cardiac dysfunction and excess cardiac fibroadipocytes, as in human arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. The mice exhibited palmoplantar keratosis and progressive alopecia, leading to alopecia totalis, associated with accelerated proliferation and impaired terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. The phenotype is similar to human cardiocutaneous syndromes caused by homozygous mutations in DSP . Conclusions: Deletion of Dsp under the transcriptional regulation of the CSPG4 locus led to lethal cardiac arrhythmias in the absence of cardiac dysfunction or fibroadiposis, palmoplantar keratosis, and alopecia, resembling the human cardiocutaneous syndromes. The findings offer a cellular basis for early cardiac arrhythmias in patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and cardiocutaneous syndromes.
Source: Circulation Research
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G2376822910, Ryanodine receptor regulation in post-operative atrial fibrillation, Determining the Role of Junctophilin-2 in Cardiac Disease, Cardiovascular Ultrasonography Unit, Canonical Wnt Signaling in Pathogenesis and Rescue of ARVC, Development of novel compounds for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, Regulation of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Release in Heart Failure, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by LMNA Mutations
OpenAlex ID: W2761626701