Year: 2017
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background All multiple myeloma (MM) cases are preceded by the premalignant state, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Few studies on the effect of diet on MM have been conducted and the results have been inconclusive. No studies have been conducted on the effect of diet on MGUS. The aim of this study was to examine whether diet in adolescence is associated with MGUS. Methods This study was based on participants from the AGES study (N = 5,764). Participants gave information on frequency of intake of common foods in adolescence (14-19 yrs). All participants were screened for heavy chain MGUS and light-chain MGUS (LC-MGUS). Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns. This method is data driven and forms new linear factors (dietary patterns) by reducing data dimension and grouping correlated variables (food intake). Participants are then ranked according to their adherence to each pattern extracted. Results A total of 575 (10.0%) MGUS cases were identified, of which 300 were heavy chain MGUS and 275 LC-MGUS. Two dietary patterns emerged, an Icelandic traditional pattern, including salted/smoked meat and fish, blood or liver sausage, rye bread, and milk and a healthy pattern, including fruit and vegetables. High adherence to the Icelandic traditional pattern in adolescence was inversely associated with total MGUS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55-0.90) and heavy chain MGUS (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.95). High adherence to the healthy pattern was inversely associated with LC-MGUS (OR = 0.67 95% CI 0.47-0.95). Conclusions Our findings suggest that high adherence to the traditional Icelandic diet in adolescence, consumed during early and mid-19th century, might decrease risk of MGUS later in life and high adherence to a healthy pattern might decrease risk of LC-MGUS. These findings indicate that food intake during a vulnerable period with regard to nutrition, might alter the risk of developing MGUS. Key messages: Adolscense dietary intake is of importance for development of the precursor condition of multiple myeloma. Our findings of the effect of adolescence diet on risk of the precursor condition of multiple myeloma (MM) may have significant public health implications for preventive strategies against MM.
Authors: M Thordardottir, EK Lindqvist, BE Birgisdottir, L Steingrimsdottir, G Eiriksdottir, TB Harris, O Landgren, V Gudnason, JE Torfadottir, SY Kristinsson
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2765520037