Challenges and Opportunities for Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes in Redox Biology Applications
Year: 2018
Type: article
Abstract: SIGNIFICANCE: The concentrations of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are critical to various biochemical processes. Small-molecule fluorescent probes have been widely used to detect and/or quantify ROS/RNS in many redox biology studies and serve as an important complementary to protein-based sensors with unique applications. Recent Advances: New sensing reactions have emerged in probe development, allowing more selective and quantitative detection of ROS/RNS, especially in live cells. Improvements have been made in sensing reactions, fluorophores, and bioavailability of probe molecules. CRITICAL ISSUES: In this review, we will not only summarize redox-related small-molecule fluorescent probes but also lay out the challenges of designing probes to help redox biologists independently evaluate the quality of reported small-molecule fluorescent probes, especially in the chemistry literature. We specifically highlight the advantages of reversibility in sensing reactions and its applications in ratiometric probe design for quantitative measurements in living cells. In addition, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of small-molecule probes and protein-based probes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS: The low physiological relevant concentrations of most ROS/RNS call for new sensing reactions with better selectivity, kinetics, and reversibility; fluorophores with high quantum yield, wide wavelength coverage, and Stokes shifts; and structural design with good aqueous solubility, membrane permeability, low protein interference, and organelle specificity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 518-540.
Source: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling
Institution: Baylor College of Medicine
Language: English
Subfield: Spectroscopy
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Welch Foundation, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
Awards: Delineate the regulatory network of lipid metabolism via SRS imaging-sorting, G2053725305, G2137056809, Engineering Antibody Drug Conjugates To Target P53-Defective Triple Negative Breast Cancer, G530820192, G5890830462, G5905248492, G617376388, G9000009718, G9000241107, G9000286996, Prebiotic Regulation of Longevity
OpenAlex ID: W2783449141