A computerized exposure system for animal models to optimize nicotine delivery into the brain through inhalation of electronic cigarette vapors or cigarette smoke
Year: 2018
Type: review
Abstract: Pre-clinical studies investigated the effects of chronic exposure to nicotine on lungs, kidneys and brains using animal models. Most of these studies delivered nicotine into the circulatory and central nervous systems (CNS) through intraperitoneal injection or oral consumption methods. Few studies used inhalation machine system for nicotine delivery into brains in rodents to mimic human exposure to cigarettes. However, finding a more accurate and clinically relevant method of nicotine delivery is critical. A computerized inhalation machine has been designed (SciReq) and is currently employed in several institutions. The computerized machine delivers electronic (e)-cigarette vapor as well as tobacco smoke to rodents using marketed e-cigarette devices or tobacco cigarettes. This provides evidence about clinical effects of nicotine delivery by traditional methods (combustible cigarettes) and new methodologies (e-cigarettes) in physiological systems. Potential neurobiological mechanisms for the development of nicotine dependence have been determined recently in mice exposed to e-cigarette vapors in our laboratory using SciReq system. In this review article, the discussion focuses on the efficiency and practical applicability of using this computerized inhalation exposure system in inducing significant changes in brain protein expression and function as compared to other nicotine delivery methods. The SciReq inhalation system utilized in our laboratory and others is a method of nicotine delivery to the CNS, which has physiological relevance and mimics human inhalant exposures. Translation of the effects of inhaled nicotine on the CNS into clinical settings could provide important health considerations.
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal
Language: English
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,690
Funders: American Heart Association, Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program, King Saud University, National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, University of California, San Diego, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Awards: G1021187394, G4891713934, The role of GLT1 in the modulation of alcohol-drinking behavior in P rats., Electronic Cigarette Vapor Inhalation Adversely Affects Lung Cellular and Physiologic Function and Alters Systemic Inflammatory Pathways, UAB-UCSD O'Brien Center for Acute Kidney Injury Research, E-cigarettes promote bacterial virulence and are toxic to airway and host defense cells, G992548524
OpenAlex ID: W2790497192