The impact of human activities and lifestyles on the interlinked microbiota and health of humans and of ecosystems
Year: 2018
Type: review
Abstract: Plants, animals and humans, are colonized by microorganisms (microbiota) and transiently exposed to countless others. The microbiota affects the development and function of essentially all organ systems, and contributes to adaptation and evolution, while protecting against pathogenic microorganisms and toxins. Genetics and lifestyle factors, including diet, antibiotics and other drugs, and exposure to the natural environment, affect the composition of the microbiota, which influences host health through modulation of interrelated physiological systems. These include immune system development and regulation, metabolic and endocrine pathways, brain function and epigenetic modification of the genome. Importantly, parental microbiotas have transgenerational impacts on the health of progeny. Humans, animals and plants share similar relationships with microbes. Research paradigms from humans and other mammals, amphibians, insects, planktonic crustaceans and plants demonstrate the influence of environmental microbial ecosystems on the microbiota and health of organisms, and indicate links between environmental and internal microbial diversity and good health. Therefore, overlapping compositions, and interconnected roles of microbes in human, animal and plant health should be considered within the broader context of terrestrial and aquatic microbial ecosystems that are challenged by the human lifestyle and by agricultural and industrial activities. Here, we propose research priorities and organizational, educational and administrative measures that will help to identify safe microbe-associated health-promoting modalities and practices. In the spirit of an expanding version of "One health" that includes environmental health and its relation to human cultures and habits (EcoHealth), we urge that the lifestyle-microbiota-human health nexus be taken into account in societal decision making.
Institutions: FOD Volksgezondheid, Veiligheid van de Voedselketen en Leefmilieu, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Graz University of Technology, University College Cork, APC Microbiome Institute, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Nutrition et obésité : approches systémiques, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Fondation pour l’innovation en Cadiométabolisme et Nutrition, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, KU Leuven, Finnish Environment Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, UCLouvain, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, University College London
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,250
Funders: European Commission, Science Foundation Ireland, Austrian Science Fund, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, FOD Volksgezondheid, Veiligheid van de Voedselketen en Leefmilieu, Vlaamse regering, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Directorate-General for the Environment, APC Microbiome Institute
Awards: G1383882326, G1468439201, Microbiome Influence on Energy balance and Brain Development-Function Put into Action to Tackle Diet-related Diseases and Behavior., G1958515193, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre (APC) - Interfacing Food & Medicine, Biological control manufacturers in Europe develop novel biological control products to support the implementation of Integrated Pest Management in agriculture and forestry, Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis, G434337789, G5098725405, G528836942, G5298826712, Plant-associated microbial communities in indoor environment, Metagenomics in Cardiometabolic Diseases, G6250925411, G7605452983
OpenAlex ID: W2793090722