Year: 2017
Type: article
Abstract: Melanoma is considered to be the most immunogenic malignant tumour.This fact is recognized for many years, and certain forms of immunotherapy have been used in melanoma therapy for a considerable time.Treatment options for patients with metastatic melanoma have changed dramatically in the past 5 years, with the FDA approval of eight new therapeutic agents (immunotherapies and targeted therapies).During this period, melanoma immunotherapy has transitioned from cytokine-based treatment to antibody-mediated blockade of the cytotoxic Tlymphocyteassociated antigen4 (CTLA4) and, recently, the programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD1) immune checkpoints.These changes in the treatment options have dramatically improved patient outcomes, with the median overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma increasing from approximately 9 months before 2011 to at least 2 years, and probably longer.Various types of immunotherapy, like pembrolizumab, nivolumab, ipilimumab, combined therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab, and T-VEC, have been established in recent years as the standard-of-care treatment for metastatic melanoma patients.
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2802762779