A systematic review of the effect of habitual breakfast for adolescents aged 11-19 years on academic performance
Year: 2018
Type: review
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: Background Breakfast consumption plays an important role in growth, energy, BMI, and lifestyle. Studies show that it has a positive influence on cognitive and academic outcomes. Despite these benefits, there has been no systematic review of the literature focusing on habitual breakfast consumption on scholastic achievement among adolescent students aged 11 - 19. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the existing evidence on habitual breakfast consumption and academic performance in adolescents aged 11 - 19 years. Methods A systematic review of studies was conducted for relevant articles published between 1990 and 2015 in the PubMed, PsycInfo , and ERIC databases. Results The search identified 163 articles. Of these, 12 papers met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies showed a positive relationship between habitual breakfast consumption and school grades, while four papers had non - significant results even though two of these studies were of a superior design. According to NHLBI criteria in term s of quality of research design, most of the studies were assessed to be fair, three were deemed to be weak and only one study assessed to be strong. Various breakfast definitions and classifications within three different time frames were used in the studies. Three academic achievement measurements, including school grades, standardized achievement tests and self - report school grades were used . Conclusion There is mixed evidence to draw firm conclusion of the effect of habitual breakfast on academic performance , and there are some methodological problems with some of the studies which need to be taken into account. A n excellent study design, specific definitions and classifications of breakfast within specific time frames of seven days, and objective measurements for breakfast and academic performance are needed in further research.
Authors: Lena Babaeer, Darren Wraith
Language: English
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2804385216