Assessing health care interventions via an interrupted time series model: Study power and design considerations
Year: 2019
Type: article
Abstract: The delivery and assessment of quality health care is complex with many interacting and interdependent components. In terms of research design and statistical analysis, this complexity and interdependency makes it difficult to assess the true impact of interventions designed to improve patient health care outcomes. Interrupted time series (ITS) is a quasi-experimental design developed for inferring the effectiveness of a health policy intervention while accounting for temporal dependence within a single system or unit. Current standardized ITS methods do not simultaneously analyze data for several units nor are there methods to test for the existence of a change point and to assess statistical power for study planning purposes in this context. To address this limitation, we propose the "Robust Multiple ITS" (R-MITS) model, appropriate for multiunit ITS data, that allows for inference regarding the estimation of a global change point across units in the presence of a potentially lagged (or anticipatory) treatment effect. Under the R-MITS model, one can formally test for the existence of a change point and estimate the time delay between the formal intervention implementation and the over-all-unit intervention effect. We conducted empirical simulation studies to assess the type one error rate of the testing procedure, power for detecting specified change-point alternatives, and accuracy of the proposed estimating methodology. R-MITS is illustrated by analyzing patient satisfaction data from a hospital that implemented and evaluated a new care delivery model in multiple units.
Source: Statistics in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/sim.8067
Language: English
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Collaborative Research: Bayesian State-Space Models for Behavioral Time Series Data, G1902661011, G2801107233, The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at the University of California, Irvine, Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP), G5644055388, Collaborative Research: Studies on Signals and Images via the Fourier Transform, G826307327, Scalable Bayesian Stochastic Process Models for Neural Data Analysis, Assessing the role of cerebrovascular brain injury and dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis in the BEACoN Cohort
OpenAlex ID: W2804923671