Work

Mucosal Immunity in HIV/SIV Infection: T Cells, B Cells and Beyond

Year: 2018

Type: article

Abstract: As our understanding of mucosal immunity increases, it is becoming clear that the host response to HIV-1 is more complex and nuanced than originally believed. The mucosal landscape is populated with a variety of specialized cell types whose functions include combating infectious agents while preserving commensal microbiota, maintaining barrier integrity, and ensuring immune homeostasis. Advances in multiparameter flow cytometry, gene expression analysis and bioinformatics have allowed more detailed characterization of these cell types and their roles in host defense than was previously possible. This review provides an overview of existing literature on immunity to HIV-1 and SIVmac in mucosal tissues of the female reproductive tract and the gastrointestinal tract, focusing on major effector cell populations and briefly summarizing new information on tissue-resident memory T cells, Treg, Th17, Th22 and innate lymphocytes (ILC), subsets that have been studied primarily in the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Source: Current Immunology Reviews

DOI: 10.2174/1573395514666180528081204

Author: Barbara L. Shacklett

Institution: University of California, Davis

Language: English

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment

Subfield: Virology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: green

Funders: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases