Year: 2017
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: High intake of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is associated with a decreased risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). However, results have been heterogeneous suggesting that genetic variations in PUFA metabolism may modify this risk. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study nested within 2 prospective cohorts, the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHS II. Among women providing blood (n = 62,437) or buccal cells (n = 59,543) for genotyping, we confirmed new diagnoses of CD or UC. Dietary intake was assessed 4 years before diagnosis. Confirmed cases were matched 1:2 to controls. Subjects were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms at CYP4F3, FADS1, and FADS2 loci. Conditional logistic regression models examined the interaction between genotype, n3:n6 PUFA intake and risk of CD and UC. RESULTS: Our study included 101 CD and 139 UC patients matched to 495 controls. On multivariable analysis, high intake of n3:n6 PUFA (above median) demonstrated a trend toward reduced risk of UC (Odds ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-1.09, P = 0.11). High n3:n6 PUFA intake was associated with a reduced risk of UC in individuals with the GG/AG genotype at a single nucleotide polymorphism in CYP4F3 (OR 0.57, 95% CI, 0.32-0.99) but not those with the AA genotype (OR 0.95, 95% CI, 0.47-1.93) (P-interaction = 0.049). No gene-diet interactions were noted for CD. CONCLUSIONS: The association between dietary n3:n6 PUFA intake and risk of UC may be modified variants at CYP4F3. Further gene-environment studies of the association between diet and IBD risk are warranted.
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Language: English
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, Pfizer, American Gastroenterological Association, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation, Bayer HealthCare, National Institutes of Health, Samsung, Takeda Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Awards: G107898970, Biochemical Markers in the nurses' Health Study Cohort, G2904619447, G3857557554, G3884950659, Oral Contraceptives in the Etiopathogenesis of Crohn's Disease, G459566519, G4650138976, G4980586934, G5491439683, Genetic predictors of anti-TNF treatment response and infections in IBD, Mentored Patient-Oriented Research in Digestive Diseases, Environmental factors and inflammatory bowel disease, Long Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health Study, G8306541465, Premenopausal Hormone Levels and Risk of Breast Cancer, G9000019617, G9000146438, G9000185549, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease at Massachusetts General Hospital
OpenAlex ID: W2825514588