Long-term Clinical Outcomes and Biomarker Analyses of Atezolizumab Therapy for Patients With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Phase 1 Study
Year: 2018
Type: article
Study design: Clinical Trial
Abstract: Importance: Atezolizumab (anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 [PD-L1]) is well tolerated and clinically active in multiple cancer types. Its safety and clinical activity in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) has not been reported. Objective: To evaluate the safety, clinical activity, and biomarkers associated with the use of single-agent atezolizumab in patients with mTNBC. Design, Setting, and Participants: Women with mTNBC (defined by investigator assessment) were enrolled between January 2013 and February 2016 in a multicohort open-label, phase 1 study at US and European academic medical centers. Median follow-up was 25.3 months (range, 0.4-45.6 months). Eligible patients regardless of line of therapy had measurable disease by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1; and a representative tumor sample for assessment of immune cell (IC) PD-L1 expression. Interventions: Atezolizumab was given intravenously every 3 weeks until unacceptable toxic effects or loss of clinical benefit. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome was safety and tolerability. Activity and exploratory outcomes included objective response rate (ORR), duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Outcomes were assessed in all patients and in key patient subgroups. Results: Among 116 evaluable patients (median age, 53 years [range, 29-82 years]), treatment-related adverse events occurred in 73 (63%); 58 (79%) were grade 1 to 2. Most adverse events occurred within the first treatment year. The ORRs were numerically higher in first-line (5 of 21 [24%]) than in second-line or greater patients (6 of 94 [6%]). Median duration of response was 21 months (range, 3 to ≥38 months). Median PFS was 1.4 (95% CI, 1.3-1.6) months by RECIST and 1.9 (95% CI, 1.4-2.5) months by irRC. In first-line patients, median OS was 17.6 months (95% CI, 10.2 months to not estimable). Patients with PD-L1 expression of at least 1% tumor-infiltrating ICs had higher ORRs and longer OS (12% [11 of 91]; 10.1 [95% CI, 7.0-13.8] months, respectively) than those with less than 1% ICs (0 of 21; 6.0 [95% CI, 2.6-12.6] months, respectively). High levels of ICs (>10%) were independently associated with higher ORRs and longer OS. Conclusions and Relevance: Single-agent atezolizumab was well tolerated and provided durable clinical benefit in patients with mTNBC with stable or responding disease and in earlier lines of treatment. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01375842.
Source: JAMA Oncology
Authors: Leisha A. Emens, Cristina Cruz, Joseph Paul Eder, Fadi Braiteh, Cathie Chung, Sara M. Tolaney, Irene Kuter, Rita Nanda, Philippe A. Cassier, Jean-Pierre Delord, Michael S. Gordon, Ehab ElGabry, Ching-Wei Chang, Indrani Sarkar, William Grossman, Carol O’Hear, Marcella Fassò, Luciana Molinero, Peter Schmid
Institutions: Johns Hopkins University, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, University of Chicago, Centre Léon Bérard, Institut universitaire du cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, HonorHealth, Genentech, Bellicum Pharmaceuticals (United States), Queen Mary University of London, Barts Cancer Institute
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2889746019