Hallmarks of primate lentiviral immunodeficiency infection recapitulate loss of innate lymphoid cells
Year: 2018
Type: article
Abstract: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play critical roles in mucosal barrier defense and tissue homeostasis. While ILCs are depleted in HIV-1 infection, this phenomenon is not a generalized feature of all viral infections. Here we show in untreated SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) that ILC3s are lost rapidly in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), yet preserved in SIV+ RMs with pharmacologic or natural control of viremia. In healthy uninfected RMs, experimental depletion of CD4+ T cells in combination with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is sufficient to reduce ILC frequencies in the MLN. In this setting and in chronic SIV+ RMs, IL-7Rα chain expression diminishes on ILC3s in contrast to the IL-18Rα chain expression which remains stable. In HIV-uninfected patients with durable CD4+ T cell deficiency (deemed idiopathic CD4+ lymphopenia), similar ILC deficiencies in blood were observed, collectively identifying determinants of ILC homeostasis in primates and potential mechanisms underlying their depletion in HIV/SIV infection.
Source: Nature Communications
Institutions: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (United States), United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Case Western Reserve University, Emory University, Emory National Primate Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University
Language: English
Topic: IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $6,990
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Case Western Reserve University, National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Office of Research Infrastructure Programs, National Institutes of Health, NHLBI Division of Intramural Research
Awards: G1214224873, G1525269455, Renovation to expand and enhance NHP housing for HIV/AIDS research at the Emory NPRC, G1644277680, G278379982, G3251738510, G3298988077, G3463152317, G3465606404, G3503792436, G386607036, G3879473163, G4585269469, G4885028645, G5867949827, G5888954722, G5980632100, G6227691328, G8216152786, G9000112919, G9000118633, G9000227440, G9000346753, G9000347092, Rustbelt Center for AIDS Research (Case/UHC-Pitt CFAR), Maintenance of the SPF Breeding Colonies at Yerkes National Primate Research Center
OpenAlex ID: W2891024163