Year: 2018
Type: review
Abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss advances in our understanding of beta-cell heterogeneity and the ramifications of this for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its therapy. RECENT FINDINGS: A number of studies have challenged the long-standing dogma that the majority of beta cells are eliminated in T1D. As many as 80% are present in some T1D subjects. Why don't these cells function properly to release insulin in response to high glucose? Other findings deploying single-cell "omics" to study both healthy and diseased cells-from patients with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D)-have revealed cell subpopulations and heterogeneity at the transcriptomic/protein level between individual cells. Finally, our own and others' findings have demonstrated the importance of functional beta-cell subpopulations for insulin secretion. Heterogeneity may endow beta cells with molecular features that predispose them to failure/death during T1D.
Source: Current Diabetes Reports
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,890
Awards: G130968091, G1335979935, G1635243398, Genetic and nutritional control of pancreatic beta cell identity., G1937207371, Roles of GWA genes in controlling pancreatic beta cell function and mass., G2040450235, Control of glucagon secretion by AMPK and related kinases., G3105419033, G3346581055, In situ imaging of beta cell function in mice deleted for Type 2 diabetes-associated genes, G3555667338, G3700981753, G434337789, G4426574518, G4751757086, G4781795914, All-optical deconstruction of the islet wiring patterns underlying insulin secretion in health and disease, G5482254092, G5485930741, Targeting etiologic molecular mechanisms to treat human diabetes, G5673545276, The impact of long non-coding RNA at the Pax6 locus on beta cell identity and function, G6133425169, Defining the molecular and physiological mechanisms of pancreatic islet dysfunction which lead to type 2 diabetes, Gap Junction Communication and Islet Function in Diabetes, Exploring beta cell reprogramming by glucocorticoids, Molecular mechanisms linking Sorcin to pancreatic beta cell lipotoxicity and ER Ca2+ stores., Emergent Multi-Cellular Properties Regulating Pancreatic Islet Function, G7571465722, G8152984508, Roles of the type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated gene C2cd4a in regulating glucose homeostasis in the mouse, G8635620823, G8897119323
OpenAlex ID: W2894291771