The relationship between Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-1
Year: 2011
Type: other
Abstract: Copyright information:Taken from "Science review: Key inflammatory and stress pathways in critical illness – the central role of the Toll-like receptors"Critical Care 2002;7(1):39-46.Published online 18 Sep 2002PMCID:PMC154106.Copyright © 2003 BioMed Central Ltd Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) produced in response to signals traversing TLR4 (or other TLRs) stimulates the transcription of inflammatory cytokine genes, including TNF and IL-1. The cytokines that are produced, in turn, trigger receptors that also activate NF-κB, via Toll/IL-1/resistance (TIR) domain containing receptors (in the case of IL-1) or TNF-family receptors (in the case of TNF). Hence, there is the potential for an amplification loop, dampened by feedback inhibition of the TLR4 pathway (endotoxin tolerance). IL-1R, IL-1 receptor; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; RIP, receptor interacting protein; TNFR, TNF receptor.
Source: Figshare
Author: Beutler, Bruce
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2896335377