Year: 2018
Type: article
Abstract: Cells undergoing myelopoiesis in both bone marrow and the mature myeloid compartments in the blood represent a broad range of phenotypes in different stages of maturation and activation.Neoplasms that arise from this lineage are often heterogeneous and frequently display unique characteristics and outcomes depending on the originating subset or degree of differentiation (1,2).This is particularly true for myeloid neoplasms (MN) which rely on multiple, separate flow cytometry panels for differential diagnosis (3,4).While standard practice, this approach has inherent disadvantages which include the inability to observe co-expression patterns between markers contained in separate panels and increased time and labor associated with multiple flow cytometry assays.Use of a single, high-order panel that is able to differentiate multiple hematopoietic lineages, or distinguish different MNs would aid this effort and provide the opportunity to further characterize disease subsets.This panel was designed to detect cell surface markers associated with hematopoiesis with a special emphasis on the progression of myelopoiesis from hematopoietic progenitors.Because the study of hematopoietic disease requires a broad combination of early hematopoietic and mature myeloid markers (5), this panel is also appropriate for the general analysis of myelopoiesis, granulopoiesis, erythropoiesis, and megakaryocytopoiesis, in any human cell source that contains mature myeloid cells, myeloid progenitors, or hematopoietic progenitors (Table 1). BACKGROUNDHematopoiesis is the process by which all types of blood cells arise from a common multipotent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) identified by a lack of lineagespecific markers and by KIT (CD117) and CD34 co-expression(6,7).While more immature subsets of HSC can be identified using CD133 and CD38 (8,9), lineage -CD117 + CD34 + cells encompass the most mature group of progenitor phenotypes that retain multipotent potential, and further differentiation of these cells proceeds down one of five hematopoietic lineages: erythropoiesis, lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, granulopoiesis, or megakaryocytopoiesis (10) (Fig. 1A).Once committed, progenitors of each lineage express cell surface markers that can be used to identify their increasingly restricted step-wise progression into mature phenotypes.Of these lineages, myelopoiesis is arguably the most complex regarding the diversity of fully differentiated phenotypes it can give rise to, and the numerous branch-points and subsets therein (11).Thus, flow cytometry analysis is a mainstay in the study of hematopoiesis, and in particular, myelopoiesis.Cancers that arise from the myeloid compartment are like-wise complex, retaining many of the surface markers reflective of their originating cell types, as well as acquiring aberrant expression of other myeloid markers or lineage types (1,2).Immunophenotyping MNs is important for diagnosis, and in particular is critical to stratifying myeloid and lymphoid leukemia's, which are managed distinctly.MNs, including the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), are a heterogeneous group of
Source: Cytometry Part A
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23598
Institution: Moffitt Cancer Center
Language: English
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2897790412