Work

Associations Among Dietary Fat Oxidation Responses to Overfeeding and Weight Gain in Obesity‐Prone and Resistant Adults

Year: 2018

Type: article

Abstract: Objective This study tested the hypothesis that 3 days of overfeeding (OF) decreases dietary fat oxidation and predicts longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR) based on self‐identification and personal and family weight history. Changes in diurnal profiles of plasma metabolites and hormones were measured to probe mechanisms. Methods Adults identified as OP (n = 22; BMI: 23.9 ± 2.4 kg/m2) and OR (n = 30; BMI: 20.5 ± 2.2 kg/m2) completed 3 days of eucaloric (EU) feeding and 3 days of OF. On day 3, the 24‐hour total and dietary fat oxidation was measured using room calorimetry and an oral 14C tracer. Plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were frequently sampled over 24 hours. Body composition was measured annually for 4.0 ± 1.4 years in a subsample (n = 19 OP and 23 OR). Results Dietary fat oxidation over 24 hours was not altered by OF versus EU (P = 0.54). Weight gain in OP correlated with lower nocturnal NEFA concentrations during OF (r = −0.60; P = 0.006) and impaired fuel selection over 24 hours (metabolic inflexibility, wake respiratory quotient‐sleep respiratory quotient) (r = −0.48; P = 0.04). Conclusions Short‐term OF did not alter dietary fat oxidation. Lower nocturnal NEFA availability and metabolic inflexibility to overfeeding may be factors contributing to weight gain.

Source: Obesity

DOI: 10.1002/oby.22321

Authors: Corey A. Rynders, Rocio I. Pereira, Audrey Bergouignan, Elizabeth H. Kealey, Daniel H. Bessesen

Institutions: University of Colorado Anschutz, Denver Health Medical Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg

Language: English

Topic: Regulation of Appetite and Obesity

Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems

Field: Neuroscience

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: green

Funders: Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Center for Research Resources