Central Obesity Increases the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Partially Through Increasing Insulin Resistance
Year: 2018
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examined the associations of central obesity measures, waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC), in early pregnancy with subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and evaluated the potential mediating role of insulin resistance markers. METHODS: Within the prospective Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study cohort of 1,750 women, WC and hip circumference were measured at gestational weeks 10 to 13. In a nested case-control study within the cohort, 115 GDM cases and 230 controls had fasting serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and adiponectin measurements at gestational weeks 16 to 19. Poisson and conditional logistic regression models were used, adjusting for established risk factors for GDM, including prepregnancy overweight or obesity. RESULTS: For women with WHR < 0.85, one or more established risk factors increased GDM risk 1.99-fold (95% CI: 0.99-4.02). For women with WHR ≥ 0.85 but no established risk factors, GDM risk increased 2.41-fold (95% CI: 1.14-5.06), and in those with established risk factors it increased 6.22-fold (95% CI: 3.49-11.10). Similar but attenuated results were observed for WC ≥ 88 cm. Insulin, HOMA-IR, and adiponectin levels mediated the WHR-GDM association by 9% to 11%; corresponding mediation proportions for the WC-GDM association were 35% to 41% (all P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Central obesity in early pregnancy represented a high-risk phenotype for GDM independent of other risk factors, including overweight or obesity, and may inform early screening and prevention strategies.
Source: Obesity
DOI: 10.1002/oby.22339
Institutions: Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Northern California
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Risk of Gestational Diabetes, UCSF-Kaiser Department of Research Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women’s Health (BIRCWH) Program, Early Life Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Child Growth, Adiposity, and Neurodevelopment, Early Life Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Child Growth, Adiposity, and Neurodevelopment, Diabetes Research and Engagement through Advanced Multilevel Science Center for Diabetes Translational Research (DREAMS-CDTR)
OpenAlex ID: W2900848550