Work

Fiend and friend in the renin angiotensin system: An insight on acute kidney injury

Year: 2018

Type: article

Abstract: Besides assisting the maintenance of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). The RAS is equipped with two arms i) the pressor arm composed of Angiotensin II (Ang II)/Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) also called conventional RAS, and ii) the depressor arm consisting of Angiotensin (1-7) (Ang 1-7)/Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/MasR known as non-conventional RAS. Activation of conventional RAS triggers oxidative stress, inflammatory, hypertrophic, apoptotic, and pro-fibrotic signaling cascades which promote AKI. The preclinical and clinical studies have reported beneficial as well as deleterious effects of RAS blockage either by angiotensin receptor blocker or ACE inhibitor in AKI. On the contrary, the depressor arm opposes the conventional RAS, has beneficial effects on the kidney but has been less explored in pathogenesis of AKI. This review focuses on significance of RAS in pathogenesis of AKI and provides better understanding of novel and possible therapeutic approaches to combat AKI.

Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.018

Authors: Nisha Sharma, Hans-Joachim Anders, Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad

Institutions: Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Language: English

Topic: Renin-Angiotensin System Studies

Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,610