Dynamic imaging of crystalline defects in lithium-manganese oxide electrodes during electrochemical activation to high voltage
Year: 2019
Type: article
Abstract: Crystalline defects are commonly generated in lithium-metal-oxide electrodes during cycling of lithium-ion batteries. Their role in electrochemical reactions is not yet fully understood because, until recently, there has not been an effective operando technique to image dynamic processes at the atomic level. In this study, two types of defects were monitored dynamically during delithiation and concomitant oxidation of oxygen ions by using in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy supported by density functional theory calculations. One stacking fault with a fault vector b/6[110] and low mobility contributes minimally to oxygen release from the structure. In contrast, dissociated dislocations with Burgers vector of c/2[001] have high gliding and transverse mobility; they lead to the formation, transport and release subsequently of oxygen related species at the surface of the electrode particles. This work advances the scientific understanding of how oxygen participates and the structural response during the activation process at high potentials.
Source: Nature Communications
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $5,200
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, W. M. Keck Foundation, Northwestern University, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Samsung, Office of Science, Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Division of Materials Research, Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems, Basic Energy Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory
Awards: G102163711, G107546177, G1169090945, G122673668, G1276186940, G1286236842, G1286251239, G1313983767, G1329306526, G1664757510, G1677143136, G1722293261, G1863003419, G2137585358, G2225740690, G2287611682, G2413312097, G262962599, G2638771445, G30714459, G3075337988, G3083819904, G3137197751, G336680401, G3454132534, G3589692066, G3856160476, G3954585026, G419881185, G426311843, G4285583887, G4289625387, G42916606, G4433393426, G4501827968, MRSEC: Center for Multifunctional Materials, G4796240486, G4912152698, G498139845, G5076365615, G513797252, G5218300437, G5387317844, G5793179256, NNCI: Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource, G650090426, G6652958823, G6848031779, G6918803902, G704498496, G7152841295, G7182634401, G7304483037, G7570481651, G7583137537, G801469781, G8073314406, G8230932042, G8483879465, G880751848, G969889393, G993149817
OpenAlex ID: W2938138223