Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization
Year: 2019
Type: article
Abstract: We report the detection of a transiting Earth-size planet around GJ 357, a nearby M2.5 V star, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). GJ 357 b (TOI-562.01) is a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet (Teq = 525 ± 11 K) with a radius of Rb = 1.217 ± 0.084 R⊕ and an orbital period of Pb = 3.93 d. Precise stellar radial velocities from CARMENES and PFS, as well as archival data from HIRES, UVES, and HARPS also display a 3.93-day periodicity, confirming the planetary nature and leading to a planetary mass of Mb = 1.84 ± 0.31 M⊕. In addition to the radial velocity signal for GJ 357 b, more periodicities are present in the data indicating the presence of two further planets in the system: GJ 357 c, with a minimum mass of Mc = 3.40 ± 0.46 M⊕ in a 9.12 d orbit, and GJ 357 d, with a minimum mass of Md = 6.1 ± 1.0 M⊕ in a 55.7 d orbit inside the habitable zone. The host is relatively inactive and exhibits a photometric rotation period of Prot = 78 ± 2 d. GJ 357 b isto date the second closest transiting planet to the Sun, making it a prime target for further investigations such as transmission spectroscopy. Therefore, GJ 357 b represents one of the best terrestrial planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the upcoming JWST and ground-based ELTs.
Source: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Authors: R. Luque, E. Pallé, D. Kossakowski, S. Dreizler, J. Kemmer, N. Espinoza, J. Burt, G. Anglada-Escudé, V. J. S. Béjar, J. A. Caballero, K. A. Collins, K. I. Collins, M. Cortés-Contreras, E. Díez-Alonso, F. Feng, A. Hatzes, C. Hellier, T. Henning, S. V. Jeffers, L. Kaltenegger, M. Kürster, J. Madden, K. Molaverdikhani, D. Montes, N. Narita, G. Nowak, A. Ofir, M. Oshagh, H. Parviainen, A. Quirrenbach, S. Reffert, A. Reiners, C. Rodríguez-López, M. Schlecker, S. Stock, T. Trifonov, J. N. Winn, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, M. Zechmeister, P. J. Amado, D. R. Anderson, N. E. Batalha, F. F. Bauer, P. Bluhm, C. J. Burke, R. P. Butler, D. A. Caldwell, G. Chen, J. D. Crane, D. Dragomir, C. D. Dressing, S. Dynes, J. M. Jenkins, A. Kaminski, H. Klahr, T. Kotani, M. Lafarga, D. W. Latham, P. Lewin, S. McDermott, P. Montañés-Rodríguez, J. C. Morales, F. Murgas, E. Nagel, S. Pedraz, I. Ribas, G. R. Ricker, P. Rowden, S. Seager, S. A. Shectman, M. Tamura, J. Teske, J. D. Twicken, R. Vanderspeck, S. X. Wang, B. Wohler
Institutions: Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, University of Göttingen, Heidelberg University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Queen Mary University of London, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, Centro de Astrobiología, Vanderbilt University, Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Universidad de Oviedo, Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Keele University, Cornell University, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Astrobiology Center, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Weizmann Institute of Science, Princeton University, University of California, Santa Cruz, Ames Research Center, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Purple Mountain Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Space Sciences, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Universität Hamburg, Calar Alto Observatory, The Open University, The University of Tokyo
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, California Institute of Technology, Heising-Simons Foundation, European Space Agency, European Commission, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, European Southern Observatory, Klaus Tschira Stiftung, Ames Research Center, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
Awards: Innovative doctoral programme for talented early-stage researchers in Spanish host organisations excellent in the areas of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)., G2627485041, G3555786505, Uncovering the nature of small exoplanets via collaborations between observational and theoretical studies, G4211331249, G434337789, G4502305455, G4926090600, Study on the Process of the Implementation of the United Nations Convention on the law of the Sea - Analysis of the Interpretation or Application of the Convention and the Tendency of the Theories on the Law of the Sea -, G6115017137, G6379254292, Innovative doctoral programme for talented early-stage researchers in Spanish host organisations excellent in the areas of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)., G6772401967, G6785413179, G7399802123, G7578079922, Earth-like Planet Search on the Subaru Telescope, G8020484511, G8028352098, G8739736297, G8886077057, G90231819
OpenAlex ID: W2941882395