Year: 2019
Type: article
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is widely known that non-resolving inflammation results in atherosclerotic conditions, which are responsible for a host of downstream pathologies including thrombosis, myocardial infarction (MI), and neurovascular events. Macrophages, as part of the innate immune response, are among the most important cell types in every stage of atherosclerosis. In this review we discuss the principles governing macrophage function in the healthy and infarcted heart. More specifically, how cardiac macrophages participate in myocardial infarction as well as cardiac repair and remodeling. The intricate balance between phenotypically heterogeneous populations of macrophages in the heart have profound and highly orchestrated effects during different phases of myocardial infarction. In the early "inflammatory" stage of MI, resident cardiac macrophages are replaced by classically activated macrophages derived from the bone marrow and spleen. And while the macrophage population shifts towards an alternatively activated phenotype, the inflammatory response subsides giving way to the "reparative/proliferative" phase. Lastly, we describe the therapeutic potential of cardiac macrophages in the context of cell-mediated cardio-protection. Promising results demonstrate innovative concepts; one employing a subset of yolk sac-derived, cardiac macrophages that have complete restorative capacity in the injured myocardium of neonatal mice, and in another example, post-conditioning of cardiac macrophages with cardiosphere-derived cells significantly improved patient's post-MI diagnoses.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102474
Institutions: University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, University of Hawaii System, National University of Singapore, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Kazan Federal University, Duke-NUS Medical School, National Heart Centre Singapore, Tecnológico de Monterrey, UCL Biomedical Research Centre, University College London
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,824
Funders: American Heart Association, Hawaii Community Foundation, Von-Behring-Röntgen-Stiftung, National Institute for Health and Care Research, British Heart Foundation, University College London, Kazan Federal University, EU-CARDIOPROTECTION, National Institutes of Health, Medical Research Council, National Medical Research Council, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Awards: G1855335561, G2490703178, G3207672262, G4212899957, Effect of Remote Ischaemic Conditioning on clinical outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (ERIC-PPCI): a multi-centre randomised controlled clinical study, Role of CD98 in smooth muscle cell proliferation, G6612097543, G7013846832, G7268277117, Cholesterol crystals generated by endothelial cells may initiate atherogenesis, G7893418996, G8682592842, Ola HAWAII
OpenAlex ID: W2945020041