Cardiovascular and pregnancy outcomes in women with coronary microvascular dysfunction: a case series
Year: 2019
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Coronary microvascular dysfunction is observed in women of childbearing age, however, the frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) is unknown. CASE SUMMARY: Women previously enrolled in a single centre prospective CMD registry diagnosed using invasive coronary reactivity testing were included. Among 279 women enrolled, 5 of 47 (10.6%) of childbearing age (18-44 years) subsequently became pregnant, representing a fertility rate of 36.8 births per 1000 women-years. None had history of hypertension, diabetes, or smoking. Four (80%) had a history of prior spontaneous miscarriage. Median age at CMD diagnosis was 32 years (IQR: 32-35). During pregnancy, most reported stable or improved angina, while one reported increased angina frequency, an emergency room visit and accelerated anti-anginal therapy. None experienced gestational hypertension, diabetes, pre-eclampsia, myocardial infarction, or death. Two (40%) experienced APO of preterm delivery and small neonate for gestational age. Following pregnancy, angina severity scores, and/or functional capacity decreased in three women (60%). DISCUSSION: In this first case-series of five women with CMD who became pregnant, increased angina and accelerated care during pregnancy and post-partum was not commonly observed. Fertility rates were lower than the national average, while prior spontaneous miscarriage and subsequent APO were higher. Further studies are warranted to understand and manage pregnancy in women with CMD, as well as the impact of pregnancy on longer term angina, functional capacity, and outcomes.
DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytz071
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $815
Awards: Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation, G1134269671, G1313999278, Together: Transforming and Translating Discovery to Improve Health, Behavioral Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Training, G276921238, UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute, CVD protection mechanisms involving ACE2/Ang-(1-7) axis, UF Clinical and Translational Science Award, Cardiovascular Events in Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation, Angiotensin and neuroimmune activation in hypertension, Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Coronary Vascular Dysfunction, Immunologic Basis of Coronary Disease in Women, UFRCC for Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network, Renin Angiotensin for Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction, General Clinical Research Center, Cardiac Autonomic Function in Women, Training in Advanced Heart Disease Research, G950221744
OpenAlex ID: W2946489053