Craniological characteristic of the Chilean pre-Columbian era population (based on the Chunchuri necropolis): artificial cranial deformation and morphometric features
Year: 2019
Type: article
Abstract: ВведениеÒðàäèöèÿ èñêóññòâåííîé äåôîðìàöèè ãîëîâû ðàñïðîñòðàíåíà äîâîëüíî øèðîêî êàê â Ñòàðîì, òàê è â Íîâîì Ñâåòå.Âî âñåõ òðàäèöèîííûõ ñîîáùåñòâàõ Þæíîé Àìåðèêè îòíîøåíèå ê ãîëîâå áûëî îñîáåííûì, êîíöåïòóàëüíûì.Ñ ãîëîâîé ñâÿçàíî ìíîãî îáðÿäîâ, òðàäèöèé, èäåîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïðåäñòàâëåíèé.Ýòî è âîåííûå òðîôåè ó ïëåìåí îõîòíèêîâ çà ãîëîâàìè, è ðàçëè÷íûå ôîðìû ñîìà-òè÷åñêèõ ìîäèôèêàöèé, äî ñèõ ïîð ñóùåñòâóþùèå ó íàðîäîâ Þæíîé Àìåðèêè, è äåôîðìàöèÿ ãîëîâû, øèðîêî ïðàêòèêîâàâøàÿñÿ äî ïðèõîäà êîëîíèçàòîðîâ [Tiesler, Lozada, 2018], îïèñàííûå ìíîãèìè ýòíîãðàôàìè ñåðåäèíû XVI -íà÷àëà XVII âåêîâ.Êðàíèîëîãè÷åñêîå îïèñàíèå òàêèõ ãðóïï èìååò îñîáîå çíà÷åíèå, òàê êàê èñêóññòâåííûå äåôîðìàöèè èçìåíÿþò ðàçìåðíûå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ÷åðåïîâ, ïðè÷åì íå òîëüêî ìîçãîâîãî, íî, âåðîÿòíî, è ëèöåâîãî îòäåëà.Èíòåðåñíîé çàäà÷åé ïðåäñòàâëÿåòñÿ ñðàâíåíèå ðàçìåðíûõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ÷åðåïîâ, èìåþùèõ ðàçíûå äåôîðìàöèè.Ïðàâäà, ïðè òàêîì ñðàâíåíèè âñåãäà âñòàåò âîïðîñ î ïðàâîìåðíîñòè àíàëèçà ÷åðåïîâ ñ ðàçíûìè äåôîðìàöèÿìè, íàéäåííûõ â ðàçíûõ ìîãèëüíèêàõ, à èíîãäà è â ðàçíûõ ãåîãðàôè÷åñêèõ ðåãèîíàõ.Ñèòóàöèÿ, êîãäà íà îäíîì ïîãðåáàëüíîì ïàìÿòíèêå ïðåäñòàâëåíû ðàçíûå òèïû äåôîðìàöèé ÿâëÿåòñÿ íå÷àñòîé, èìåííî ïîýòîìó òàêîå ñðàâíåíèå èìååò îñîáûé èíòåðåñ.Êîíå÷íî, è
Language: English
Subfield: Archeology
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2948741952