Year: 2019
Type: review
Abstract: Introduction: The microbiota-gut brain (MGB) axis is the bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiota and the brain. An increasing body of preclinical and clinical evidence has revealed that the gut microbial ecosystem can affect neuropsychiatric health. However, there is still a need of further studies to elucidate the complex gene–environment interactions and the role of the MGB axis in neuropsychiatric diseases, with the aim of identifying biomarkers and new therapeutic targets, to allow early diagnosis and improving treatments.Areas covered: To review the role of MGB axis in neuropsychiatric disorders, prediction and prevention of disease through exploitation, integration, and combination of data from existing gut microbiome/microbiota projects and appropriate other International ‘-Omics’ studies. The authors also evaluated the new technological advances to investigate and modulate, through nutritional and other interventions, the gut microbiota.Expert opinion: The clinical studies have documented an association between alterations in gut microbiota composition and/or function, whereas the preclinical studies support a role for the gut microbiota in impacting behaviors which are of relevance to psychiatry and other central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Targeting MGB axis could be an additional approach for treating CNS disorders and all conditions in which alterations of the gut microbiota are involved.
Authors: Luigi Francesco Iannone, Alberto Preda, Hervé M. Blottière, Gerard Clarke, Diego Albani, Vincenzo Belcastro, Marco Carotenuto, Annamaria Cattaneo, Rita Citraro, Cinzia Ferraris, Francesca Ronchi, Gaia Luongo, Elisa Santocchi, Letizia Guiducci, Pietro Baldelli, Paola Iannetti, Sigrid Pedersen, Andrea Petretto, Stefania Provasi, Kaja Selmer, Alberto Spalice, Anna Tagliabue, Alberto Verrotti, Nicola Segata, Jakob Zimmermann, Carlo Minetti, Paolo Mainardi, Carmen Giordano, Sanjay Sisodiya, Federico Zara, Emilio Russo, Pasquale Striano
Institutions: Magna Graecia University, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Microbiologie de l’alimentation au service de la santé, MetaGenoPolis, University College Cork, APC Microbiome Institute, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Ospedale Sant'Anna, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", King's College London, Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, University of Pavia, University of Bern, Fondazione Stella Maris, Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, National Research Council, Sapienza University of Rome, Oslo University Hospital, University of L'Aquila, University of Trento, Politecnico di Milano, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: Novo Nordisk Fonden
Award: G3692224558
OpenAlex ID: W2953681499