Year: 2019
Type: preprint
Abstract: Calcium (Ca 2+ ) ion microdomains are subcellular regions of high Ca 2+ concentration that develop rapidly near open Ca 2+ channels in the plasma membrane or internal stores and generate local regions of high Ca 2+ concentration.These microdomains are remarkably versatile in that they activate a range of responses that differ enormously in both their temporal and spatial profile.In this review, we describe how Ca 2+ microdomains generated by storeoperated calcium channels, a widespread and conserved Ca 2+ entry pathway, stimulate different signaling pathways, and how the spatial extent of a Ca 2+ microdomain can be influenced by Ca 2+ ATPase pumps.C ytosolic Ca 2+ controls a plethora of impor- tant physiological processes within cells, including secretion, energy production, motility, growth, and differentiation (Clapham 2007).The versatility of Ca 2+ as an intracellular messenger nevertheless belies its complexity.A fundamental challenge inherent to the use of the pleiotropic Ca 2+ message is to maintain specificity and thus ensure that only the intended Ca 2+ -dependent processes are activated, and not others, in response to a specific stimulus, but also to allow different stimuli that use the Ca 2+ signal to evoke distinct responses.
Authors: Pradeep Barak, Anant B. Parekh
Institution: University of Oxford
Language: English
Topic: Ion Channels and Receptors
Subfield: Sensory Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funder: Medical Research Council
Award: G1444144428
OpenAlex ID: W2965291729