Work

Meta-analysis of haematoma volume, haematoma expansion and mortality in intracerebral haemorrhage associated with oral anticoagulant use

Year: 2019

Type: review

Study designs: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Objective To obtain precise estimates of age, haematoma volume, secondary haematoma expansion (HE) and mortality for patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) taking oral anticoagulants [Vitamin K antagonists (VKA-ICH) or non-Vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC-ICH)] and those not taking oral anticoagulants (non-OAC ICH) at ICH symptom onset. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing VKA-ICH or NOAC-ICH or both with non-OAC ICH. Primary outcomes were haematoma volume (in ml), HE, and mortality (in-hospital and 3-month). We calculated odds ratios (ORs) using the Mantel–Haenszel random-effects method and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and determined the mean ICH volume difference. Results We identified 19 studies including data from 16,546 patients with VKA-ICH and 128,561 patients with non-OAC ICH. Only 2 studies reported data on 4943 patients with NOAC-ICH. Patients with VKA-ICH were significantly older than patients with non-OAC ICH (mean age difference: 5.55 years, 95%CI 4.03–7.07,p < 0.0001,I2 = 92%,p < 0.001). Haematoma volume was significantly larger in VKA-ICH with a mean difference of 9.66 ml (95%CI 6.24–13.07 ml,p < 0.00001;I2 = 42%,p = 0.05). HE occurred significantly more often in VKA-ICH (OR 2.96, 95%CI 1.74–4.97,p < 0.00001;I2 = 65%). VKA-ICH was associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality (VKA-ICH: 32.8% vs. non-OAC ICH: 22.4%; OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.61–2.07,p < 0.00001,I2 = 20%,p = 0.27) and 3-month mortality (VKA-ICH: 47.1% vs. non-OAC ICH: 25.5%; OR 2.24, 95%CI 1.52–3.31,p < 0.00001,I2 = 71%,p = 0.001). We did not find sufficient data for a meta-analysis comparing NOAC-ICH and non-OAC-ICH. Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms, refines and expands findings from prior studies. We provide precise estimates of key prognostic factors and outcomes for VKA-ICH, which has larger haematoma volume, increased rate of HE and higher mortality compared to non-OAC ICH. There are insufficient data on NOACs.

Source: Journal of Neurology

DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09536-1