Year: 2019
Type: review
Abstract: Cells that are latently infected with HIV-1 preclude an HIV-1 cure, as antiretroviral therapy does not target this latent population. HIV-1 is highly genetically diverse, with over 10 subtypes and numerous recombinant forms circulating worldwide. In spite of this vast diversity, much of our understanding of latency and latency reversal is largely based on subtype B viruses. As such, most of the development of cure strategies targeting HIV-1 are solely based on subtype B. It is currently assumed that subtype does not influence the establishment or reactivation of latent viruses. However, this has not been conclusively proven one way or the other. A better understanding of the factors that influence HIV-1 latency in all viral subtypes will help develop therapeutic strategies that can be applied worldwide. Here, we review the latest literature on subtype-specific factors that affect viral replication, pathogenesis, and, most importantly, latency and its reversal.
Source: Viruses
DOI: 10.3390/v11121104
Authors: Indra Sarabia, Alberto Bosque
Institution: George Washington University
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,824
Awards: Mechanisms Governing Latency in Clinically Relevant HIV-1 Strains, G1581790279, G1924422644, BELIEVE: Bench to Bed Enhanced Lymphocyte Infusions to Engineer Viral Eradication, G3072202247, G3608974278, A family of compounds that reactivate latent HIV without T cell activation, G4256132169, G5279787954, G7027794463, Targeted delivery of cytopathicity enhancing agents, and co-ordination with shock and kill, to reduce HIV reservoirs, Developing Pathogen Recognition Receptor Agonists as Latency Reversing Agents, G9000137636, G9000273067, District of Columbia Center for AIDS Research
OpenAlex ID: W2991449830