Combined effects of HIV and obesity on the gastrointestinal microbiome of young men who have sex with men
Year: 2019
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of obesity is rising among people living with HIV, which may synergistically increase inflammation and the risk of associated diseases. Disruption of gut bacterial communities may be one of the key drivers of this inflammation; however, the combined effects of HIV and obesity on the microbiome have not been explored. METHODS: This study included 381 men who have sex with men. Thirty-nine were HIV-positive and obese (H+O+), 143 were HIV-positive and nonobese, 64 were HIV-negative and obese, and 135 were HIV-negative and nonobese. Microbiome composition was assessed by targeted sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene using rectal swab samples. Inverse probability of treatment-weighted marginal structural models were used to investigate differences in microbial composition between groups while controlling for numerous clinical and behavioural confounders. RESULTS: for the marginal contribution of the H+/O+ group = 0.008; P = 0.001). H+O+ participants had the highest ratios of Prevotella to Bacteroides, a pro-inflammatory enterotype that has been described in HIV infection and obesity independently. H+O+ participants had lower levels of Bacteroides and Veillonella than all other groups, suggesting a synergistic effect of HIV and obesity on these genera. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that HIV and obesity act together to disrupt gut microbial communities, which may help explain higher levels of generalized inflammation among people living with both HIV and obesity.
Source: HIV Medicine
DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12838
Authors: RR Cook, JA Fulcher, NH Tobin, F Li, D Lee, C Woodward, M Javanbakht, R Brookmeyer, S Shoptaw, R Bolan, GM Aldrovandi, PM Gorbach
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, UCLA AIDS Institute, Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services, University of California, Los Angeles
Awards: G104278189, G1345503394, Microbiome and Mucosal Immune Interactions in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Transmission, G235015475, G3262353703, G3342746445, G4303246338, G4376779091, G4853082081, The effects of HIV, substance use, and obesity on the gastrointestinal microbiome of young men of color who have sex with men, G7710859931, MSM and Substances Cohort at UCLA Linking Infections Noting Effects (MASCULINE), UCLA Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), G9000014846, G9000315532, SDMC - IMPAACT Leadership Group, Center for HIV Identification, Prevention and Treatment Services, International Maternal, Adolescent and Pediatric Therapeutics Clinical Trials Network, IMPAACT Leadership Group
OpenAlex ID: W2998676042