Year: 2019
Type: preprint
Abstract: Bats host virulent zoonotic viruses without experiencing disease. A mechanistic understanding of the impact of bats’ virus hosting capacities, including uniquely constitutive immune pathways, on cellular-scale viral dynamics is needed to elucidate zoonotic emergence. We carried out virus infectivity assays on bat cell lines expressing induced and constitutive immune phenotypes, then developed a theoretical model of our in vitro system, which we fit to empirical data. Best fit models recapitulated expected immune phenotypes for representative cell lines, supporting robust antiviral defenses in bat cells that correlated with higher estimates for within-host viral propagation rates. In general, heightened immune responses limit pathogen-induced cellular morbidity, which can facilitate the establishment of rapidly-propagating persistent infections within-host. Rapidly-replicating viruses that have evolved with bat immune systems will likely cause enhanced virulence following emergence into secondary hosts with immune systems that diverge from those unique to bats.
DOI: 10.1101/696195
Institutions: Princeton University, University of California, Berkeley, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center, Sechenov University, National University of Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Utrecht University, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
Language: English
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Science Foundation, Eli Lilly and Company, Princeton University, Adolph C. and Mary Sprague Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California Berkeley, National Research Foundation, National Research Foundation Singapore, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Awards: RAPID - Risikobewertung bei präpandemischen respiratorischen Infektionserkrankungen - Untersuchung der funktionalen Diversität von zirkulierenden Varianten des MERS-Coronavirus mit Hilfe unterschiedlich komplexer in vitro-Kulturmodelle und reverser Genetik, G1182417652, G181400193, G2224719422, G2337373162, G2411624612, G3497032668, G416493859, G4305877536, Host-virus interactions in the control of filovirus entry, G7837782752, G8465235886
OpenAlex ID: W3004292581