Work

Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier for Research in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Year: 2020

Type: review

Abstract: Recent research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has provided new insights into pathogenesis and potential therapeutic options for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). EVs are membrane-bound anuclear structures that carry important intercellular communication mechanisms, allowing targeted transfer of diverse biologic cargo, including protein, mRNA, and microRNA, among several different cell types. In this review, we discuss the important role EVs play in both inducing and attenuating inflammatory lung injury in ARDS as well as in sepsis, the most important clinical cause of ARDS. We discuss the translational challenges that need to be overcome before EVs can also be used as prognostic biomarkers in patients with ARDS and sepsis. We also consider how EVs may provide a platform for novel therapeutics in ARDS.

Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology

DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0447tr

Authors: Rahul Y. Mahida, Shotaro Matsumoto, Michael A. Matthay

Institutions: University of Birmingham, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Cardiovascular Institute Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, University of California San Francisco Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Extracellular vesicles in disease

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: green

Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research, Medical Research Council, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute