Sociodemographic factors and STIs associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in Zambian female sex workers and single mothers
Year: 2020
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are epidemiologically distinct. In this study, associations with sociodemographic and clinical risk factors are explored separately for CT and NG. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) models quantify associations between potential CT and/or NG risk factors within a cross-sectional study of high-risk women in two Zambian cities, Lusaka and Ndola. CT was associated with living in Lusaka, younger age, and literacy. Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) was predictive of CT in Ndola, but protective in Lusaka. In Lusaka only, CT was associated with lower education and reported unprotected sex. NG was associated with younger age, lower education, concurrent Trichomonas vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis, and incident syphilis infection. Signs and symptoms were rare and not associated with either infection. CT was more prevalent, nearly 11%, compared to NG, 6.8%. The higher prevalence of CT could explain the lack of association with other STIs. The associations observed with NG could be the result of high-risk sexual networks or lack of protective immunity. Risk factors for CT and NG are distinct and may differ geographically, which should be considered when developing diagnostic tools or guiding presumptive treatment in specific populations.
Institutions: Emory University, Emory National Primate Research Center
Language: English
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: United States Agency for International Development, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Center for AIDS Research, Emory University, Emory Global Health Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fogarty International Center, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: Family Planning Promotion in HIV Infected Zambians, Virologic Correlates of Heterosexual Transmission, G1753917462, G3094086834, HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION AND THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HIV, G3926223904, G4124378290, G5192338916, Emory AIDS International Training and Research Program, CTL and HIV Polymorphisms in Heterosexual Transmission, Couples HIV Counseling & Testing in two African capitals, Virologic Correlates of Heterosexual Transmission, G8072403121, G8393116989, G873043076, Center for AIDS Research at Emory University
OpenAlex ID: W3009617254