Enzymatic Adaptation of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Host Glycans, Viewed from Glycoside Hydrolyases and Carbohydrate-Binding Modules
Year: 2020
Type: review
Abstract: Certain species of the genus Bifidobacterium represent human symbionts. Many studies have shown that the establishment of symbiosis with such bifidobacterial species confers various beneficial effects on human health. Among the more than ten (sub)species of human gut-associated Bifidobacterium that have significantly varied genetic characteristics at the species level, Bifidobacterium bifidum is unique in that it is found in the intestines of a wide age group, ranging from infants to adults. This species is likely to have adapted to efficiently degrade host-derived carbohydrate chains, such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and mucin O-glycans, which enabled the longitudinal colonization of intestines. The ability of this species to assimilate various host glycans can be attributed to the possession of an adequate set of extracellular glycoside hydrolases (GHs). Importantly, the polypeptides of those glycosidases frequently contain carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) with deduced affinities to the target glycans, which is also a distinct characteristic of this species among members of human gut-associated bifidobacteria. This review firstly describes the prevalence and distribution of B. bifidum in the human gut and then explains the enzymatic machinery that B. bifidum has developed for host glycan degradation by referring to the functions of GHs and CBMs. Finally, we show the data of co-culture experiments using host-derived glycans as carbon sources, which underpin the interesting altruistic behavior of this species as a cross-feeder.
Source: Microorganisms
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,690
Awards: Development of an in vitro co-culture system for elucidation of host-gut microbiota symbiotsis, Mechanism of recovery in the gut microbiome: Multivariate analysis of the effects of antibiotic disturbance and probiotics, Development and mechanism elucidation of novel functional food materials mediated by intestinal environment regulation using agricultural products, Physiological role of bifidus flora formation in breast-fed infant guts, Production of functional substances derived from fatty acids in human milk fat by Bifidobacterium, Sugar utilization strategy of bifidobacteria that supports the symbiosis with their hosts, G5771992736, Functional analysis and application of sulfoglycosidase from mucin-assimilating bacteria, 腸内細菌代謝物を介した腸内細菌と宿主の共生～腸脳相関への展開と応用～
OpenAlex ID: W3013999313